铝污泥人工湿地对含氟水体主要污染物的去除效果及分布特征

全氟化合物(PFCs)作为一种典型的新兴污染物，在自然环境中不断检出，其暴露水平、来源影响及去除方式备受关注。本文选取铝污泥人工湿地和普通人工湿地，通过动态实验探究了其对复合污染水体中C、N、P和PFOS的去除效果及各污染物在系统中的空间分布特征。结果表明，2种人工湿地可以协同去除水体中的C、N、P和PFOS，但C、N、P的去除效果会受到PFOS的抑制作用，并且去除率的降幅随着PFOS质量浓度的增大而增大。当初始PFOS质量浓度为250 µg·L⁻¹时，铝污泥人工湿地对C、N、P的去除率分别为(52.47±2.21)%、(65.79±1.87)%和(68.68±1.47)%；铝污泥人工湿地中植物对氮磷去除贡献率为28.81%，比无PFOS时提高5.27%；铝污泥人工湿地对PFOS的去除率为(73.24±2.56)%，比普通人工湿地高8.46%，填料中PFOS质量占比在2种类型的湿地系统中分别为(56.23±1.27)%和(40.28±2.55)%。铝污泥人工湿地对含氟水体中污染物的削减作用较好，且C、N、P的去除效果受PFOS胁迫作用较小。

Removal effect and distribution characteristics of main pollutants in fluorine-containing water by aluminum sludge constructed wetland

As a typical new pollutant, perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) has been widely detected in water. Their exposure levels, source effects, and removal methods have raised many concerns. In this study, aluminum sludge constructed wetlands and common constructed wetlands were selected to study their removal effects and spatial distribution characteristics of C, N, P and PFOS in the complex pollution water through dynamic experiments. The results showed that the two constructed wetlands could synergistically remove C, N, P and PFOS, but the removal effects of C, N and P were inhibited by PFOS, and the decrease of removal rate increased with the increase of PFOS concentration. When the initial PFOS concentration was 250 µg·L−1, the removal rates of C, N and P in al sludge constructed wetland were (52.47±2.21)%, (65.79±1.87)% and (68.68±1.47)%, respectively. The contribution rate of plants to nitrogen and phosphorus removal in aluminum sludge constructed wetland was 28.81%, being 5.27% higher than that without PFOS. The removal rate of PFOS in aluminum sludge constructed wetland was (73.24±2.56)%, being 8.46% higher than that in common constructed wetland. In the two wetland systems, the weight proportions of PFOS in fillers were (56.23±1.27)% and (40.28±2.55)%, respectively. Aluminum sludge constructed wetland has a better reduction effect on the pollutants in fluorine-containing water, and the removal effect of C, N and P was less affected by PFOS stress.