青藏高原人口、资源、环境与发展互动关系探讨

青藏高原是我国西部地区的特殊地理区域 ,高原人口、资源、环境与经济是否相互协调 ,关系到我国、西部及整个高原的经济社会的持续、健康发展。论文简要分析了可持续发展的概念及其意义 ,认为可持续发展模式是青藏高原现实与未来的必然选择。从高原人口、资源、环境、经济等互动关系的定量分析着手 ,提出人口增长较快、素质不高是高原可持续发展所面临的基础性障碍 ;资源较为富裕 ,但人口对资源压力逐步增大 ,是制约高原持续发展的潜在威胁 ;人口与资源、经济匹配不当 ,承载力相对不足 ,构成高原持续发展的巨大负担 ;不合理开发利用资源 ,严重威胁着脆弱的环境和生态系统 ,是高原持续发展的潜伏危机 ;最后指出适度控制人口 ,合理开发利用资源 ,优化经济结构 ,保护生态环境 ,是实现高原可持续发展的根本措施。

Approach to dynamic relationship between population, resources,environment and development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is one of the special geographical territories in western China.Whether population,resources,environment and economy are mutually coordinated is highly responsible for the sustainable and healthy development either in the Plateau or in western China or even all over China. This article briefly analyses the concept of sustainable development and its significance and considers that the sustainable development model is an inevitable choice both in reality and for the future of the Plateau. The quantitative analysis based on the intermodulation relationships between population,resources,environment and economy of the Plateau,leads to the conclusion that rapid population growth and its lower quality constitutes the most fundamental barrier to the sustainable development of the Plateau;the rich endowed resources but increasing pressure from population growth are the potential menace to restrict the sustainable development of the Plateau;the dismatch between population,resources and economy and inadequate carrying capacity constitute the great burden of the Plateau;irrational resources exploitation severely threatens the vulnerable eco environmet in the Plateau,which is an incubative crisis of the Plateau.Finally,the article puts forward some essential measures for the realization of sustainable deve lopment of the Plateau such as moderately controlling population growth,rationally utilizing natural resources,optimizing economic structures,actively protecting ecology and environment of the Plateau.