某大型机加车间数控机床噪声暴露特点与分析研究

为研究大型机加车间噪声现状和特点，选取某大型机加车间数控机床开展现场实测，并对噪声测量结果进行分析。结果显示:数控机床产生的噪声是非稳态噪声；数控机床产生的噪声在车间传播，声场分布不均匀；加工某转向工件频率在500～5 300 Hz，峰值频率分别为500，800，2 000，5 000 Hz；对机加数控机床操作岗位工作人员的8 h噪声暴露量进行测量，测量值为89.2 dB(A)。研究结果表明:评价大型机加车间噪声，测量重点应选在机床操作岗位和人行通道；应重点关注被测机床周围20 m内的噪声值；机加工作场所测量时间段的选择取决于作业持续时间。

Study on characteristics and analysis of noise exposure of NC Machine Tools in a large machine workshop

To study the present situation and characteristics of the noise in a large machine workshop, field measurement to the numerical control machine tools (NC Machine Tools) has been taken in a selected large machine workshop, and the noise measurement obtained on site were analyzed. The results show that the noise generated by NC Machine Tools is unsteady noise. When the noise transmits in the workshop, the sound field are unevenly distributed. When the frequency of processing a certain steering workpiece is from 500 Hz to 5 300 Hz, the peak frequencies are 500 Hz, 800 Hz, 2 000 Hz and 5 000 Hz, respectively. Also the 8-hour noise exposure of the machine operator is measured at a value of 89.2 dB(A). The results show that it proposes the key places for large machine workshop noise measurement are the operation posts and personnel aisles. Main attention should be paid to the noise within 20 meters around the studied machine tools. The selection of the measurement time period of workplace depends on the duration of operation.