我国环境空气质量标准发展及现状

环境空气质量标准是控制大气污染的重要手段,新修订的环境空气质量标准进一步提高了我国环境空气管理能力,完善了大气环境保护标准.通过对比新修订和现行环境空气质量标准的变更情况,突出了《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095-2012）在功能分区、污染物浓度限值、数据有效性规定等方面的优越性.研究指出,新增设的PM2.5年均、日均浓度限值和臭氧8h浓度限值,是我国环境空气质量标准与国际标准接轨的重大突破.发达国家和国际代表组织已经开始有增加苯、重金属等污染物的趋势,我国也已经将这些评价指标列入参考浓度限值之列,同时通过这次环境空气质量标准的修订,我国环境空气质量标准在主要污染物控制上,一级标准已经接近或者达到了国际先进水平,但是二级标准与一级标准相差很大,因此二级标准随着我国经济社会和生态环境的发展将有非常大的严格修订空间.针对目前世界各国、国际组织或者地区已经基本取消了环境空气质量标准执行分级标准,中国继续执行分级标准,逐渐缩小差距或者在技术水平达到的情况下取消环境空气质量标准的分级制度,成为下一步努力的目标.

Development and Current Situation of Ambient Air Quality Standard in China

Ambient air quality standard is an important means in atmospheric pollution control, environmental air quality standards revised to further improve the air management competence of our environment, improve the atmospheric environment protection standard. By changing the contrast newly revised and current ambient air quality standards, highlighting the ＂ambient air quality standard＂ （GB 3095 -2012） in the functional constituencies, pollutant concentration limits, data validity specified superiority. Research indicates that the new annual PM2. 5, daily average concentration limit 8 hours and ozone concentration limit, is our country environmental air quality standards in line with international standards of a major breakthrough. Representative developed countries and international organizations have already begun to increase benzene, heavy metal pollutants such as trend, our country also has the evaluation indexes included in the reference concentration limit, through the revision of ambient air quality standards at the same time, China＇s environmental air quality standards on the main pollutant control, the primary standard is close to or reached the international advanced level, but the difference in the secondary and primary standard, thus the secondary standard along with the development of economic society and ecological environment in our country will have very strict revised space. In view of the present world, the international organization or a region has been basically canceled the ambient air quality standards classification standard, China continues to implement the classification standard, gradually narrow the gap or in the case of technical level of cancel the environmental air quality standards of grading system and become the next target.