ABR-MBR组合工艺短程硝化过程的微生物种群

采用Miseq高通量测序技术研究氨氮进水负荷对ABR-MBR组合工艺MBR池中微生物种群的丰度及优势菌群的影响.结果表明，温度为28~32℃、pH值为7.1~7.4、DO为0.5~1mg/L并逐步提高氨氮进水负荷的条件下，可以使氨氧化菌（AOB）大量富集，并抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌（NOB）的活性，从而实现短程硝化的稳定运行.在氨氮进水负荷为0.94kg/（m³·d）时，平均亚硝酸盐积累率达到60%以上，氨氮去除率稳定在90%.在系统运行过程中，变形菌门是系统中的优势菌门，Nitrosomonas的相对丰度由4.97%升至22.56%，硝化螺菌属的相对丰度为0.06%~2.12%.因此，ABR-MBR组合工艺短程硝化过程中亚硝酸盐积累率与AOB的活性、相对丰度密切相关，即AOB的大量富集可以有效实现短程硝化，而NOB的小幅度增长不会影响短程硝化的实现.系统中微生物种群的多样性和功能微生物的结构稳定性保证了ABR-MBR工艺具有稳定和较好的处理效果.

Analysis of microbial population of shortcut nitrification in ABR-MBR process

The effects of influent ammonium loading rate (ALR) on the species abundance of microbial communities and dominant bacterial in the ABR-MBR combined process were investigated by Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that the numbers of ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) can be significantly increased and the bio-activities of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) can be inhibited at the temperature of 28~32℃, pH of 7.1~7.4 and DO of 0.5~1mg/L by gradually increasing the influent ALR in the MBR. So that the shortcut nitrification will be achieved efficiently and stably. When influent ALR was 0.94kg/(m³·d), the average nitrite accumulation rate was above 60%, and NH₄⁺-N removal rate was 90%. Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial. The relative abundance of Nitrosomonas was increased from 4.97% to 22.56%, the relative abundance of Nitrospira was increased from 0.06% to 2.12% during the operation. Therefore, the nitrite accumulation rates were closely related to the bio-activities and abundance of AOB of shortcut nitrification the process. Its showed that shortcut nitrification can be efficiently achieved by a large number of AOB growth. Still, a slight increase of NOB abundance had little effect on the realization of shortcut nitrification. The microbial diversity and its functional structure stability were the guarantee of a stable and high removal efficiency in the ABR-MBR combined process.