考虑面源污染的农业开发流域生态安全评价研究

随着农业开发的进程，流域生态安全会发生相应变化，在考虑面源污染的基础上，以挠力河为例开展该研究.该流域14年来的土地利用类型发生较大变迁，耕作方式改变，破坏了流域的生态安全，同时大量农药化肥的使用，使得大量氮、磷为主的营养污染物引发农业面源污染，面源污染将成为生态安全评价的一项重要指标.为了对农业面源污染进行量化，对生境质量进行直观评价，考虑面源污染做出流域生态安全的变化评估，选取SWAT模型和InVEST模型（生态系统服务和交易的综合评估模型），同时考虑面源污染及生境质量，对比挠力河流域2000年、2006年、2014年三个年份的生态安全变化.根据输出结果，分析时空变化模式，得到氮磷负荷、生态环境质量对时空变化的响应，讨论提出有效的防控建议.

Ecological security assessment of agricultural development watershed considering non-point source pollution

In anagricultural development watershed,the ecological security will change with the development.After taking NPS (non-point source pollution) into account,this research focuses on Naoli River.Recently,the material balance of the basin has been broken,and the ecological environment has been destroyed,because ofthe agricultural development,and the changes of land use.Then on account of the excessive application of fertilizer and pesticide,the nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are getting into the water in quantity,which brings serious environmental problems.In order to get the security assessment considering NPS,we need know the detailed N、P loads and habit quality.Based on the SWAT model and InVEST (integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs) model,we quantitatively estimated the nutrient delivery ratio and the habit quality of Naoli River in 2000,2006 and 2014.With the results,we get the response of N and P loads and habit quality to spatial and temporal variation.Thenconsidering it,we make the ecological security assessment of Naoli River Basin,and then effective policies and recommendations are discussed.