颗粒物污染对高血压门急诊就诊人数的影响-时间序列研究

为探讨颗粒物对金昌市高血压门急诊就诊人数影响的暴露反应关系，本文收集甘肃省金昌市2012年1月1日~2015年12月31日大气PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂数据及2014年1月1日~2015年12月31日大气PM_2.5污染物监测数据及同期气象观测数据，同时收集近年金昌市三家综合医院的高血压门急诊日就诊病例.采用广义相加模型，分析不同大气污染物与高血压门急诊日就诊人数的关联性.结果表明，在单污染物模型中，滞后L07d时PM₁₀平均浓度每升高一个IQR，高血压日门急诊人数增加2.30%（95% CI：1.30%~3.32%），L6d时PM_2.5平均浓度每升高一个IQR，高血压日门急诊人数增加2.53%（95% CI：1.45%~3.62%）.PM₁₀和PM_2.5对男性、65岁以上高血压患者门急诊影响更高.SO₂和NO₂与颗粒物之间存在协同效应，沙尘天气下PM₁₀对高血压门急诊人数的影响由2.30%增加到2.36%，PM_2.5的影响由2.53%减少到2.39%.研究得出颗粒物污染对金昌市高血压门急诊就诊人数具有不同程度的影响，其中细颗粒物（PM_2.5）的效应更强.

Time series study on the effect of air particulate pollution on emergency admissions for hypertension

To assess the association between particulate matter and hypertension emergency admissions, this paper collectedmeteorologlical factors and air pollutants data from Jinchang city, Gansu Province from 2012 to 2015 (PM_2.5 data from 2014 to 2015). The emergency cases of hypertension were collected from three hospitals in Jinchang city during the same period. Generalized additive model was used, to assess the association between particulate matter and hypertension emergency admissions after adjusted confounding factors. The results showed that an inter-quartile range increase (IQR, 55.78μg/m³) in PM₁₀(L07) concentration could increased hypertension emergency admissions 2.30% (95%CI:1.30%~3.32%), an inter-quartile range increase (IQR, 26.78μg/m³) in PM_2.5(L6) concentration could increase hypertension emergency admissions 2.53% (95%CI:1.45%~3.62%) in single pollution model. The males and the cases at and over 65years of age were associated more strongly with PM₁₀ and PM_2.5.The multiple-pollutant models showed that SO₂ and NO₂ were synergic to PM₁₀ and PM_2.5. During the dust weather, at the same PM₁₀ or PM_2.5 exposure level, the effect of PM₁₀ was increased from 2.30% to 2.36% and the effect of PM_2.5 was reduced from 2.53% to 2.39%. Our findings suggest that there be association between particulate matter pollution and emergency admissions for hypertension in Jinchang city, PM_2.5 has a greater effect than PM₁₀ on emergency admissions for hypertension.