基于CALPUFF-CMB复合模型的燃煤源精细化来源解析

为了反映燃煤源对环境受体的影响情况，利用扩散模式（CALPUFF模式）对燃煤源多种子源类的排放、扩散过程进行模拟，得到燃煤源各子源类对环境受体中PM₁₀的影响权重，进而构建更具代表性的燃煤源成分谱.然后将受体颗粒物化学成分和两套源成分谱（基于环境影响构建的燃煤源成分谱和基于各子源类煤烟尘排放量加权平均的传统源成分谱），分别纳入CMB模型进行乌鲁木齐市采暖季环境受体中PM₁₀的来源解析.结果表明：基于CALPUFF模拟结果，得到燃煤源的3类子源类­电厂、供热、工业燃煤源的影响权重分别为0.02、0.39和0.59.基于传统方法构建的源成分谱进行源解析的结果显示，各源类的贡献大小依次为：集中燃煤（27.2%） > 城市扬尘（19.1%） > 二次硫酸盐（15.7%） > 民用散煤（9.9%） > 二次硝酸盐（9.5%） > 机动车尾气尘（7.6%） > 钢铁尘（1.2%） > 建筑水泥尘（0.2%）；而基于环境影响构建的源成分谱获得的结果显示：二次硫酸盐（20.1%） > 城市扬尘（20%） > 集中燃煤（18.9%） > 民用散煤（11.5%）二次硝酸盐（10.5%） > 机动车尾气尘（9%） > 钢铁尘（1.7%） > 建筑水泥尘（1.4%）.基于不同燃煤源子源类对受体环境的影响权重，将乌鲁木齐市颗粒物来源解析结果进一步细分，得到相对精细化的来源解析结果.结果显示，民用散煤的贡献为11.5%，电厂燃煤源为0.4%，供热燃煤源为7.4%，工业燃煤源为11.1%.

Refined source apportionment of coal-combustion source based on CALPUFF-CMB models

In order to accurately reflect the influence of coal combustion emissions on atmospheric environment, the CALPUFF model was used to simulate the emission and transportation processes of PM₁₀ emitted from different coal-combustion sources and to obtain the influencing weight-coefficient of every fine-sorted coal combustion source to ambient PM₁₀ Then, the weight-coefficients were applied to construct a more representative coal combustion source profile. Finally, source apportionment of PM₁₀ during the heating season in Urumqi was conducted by chemical mass balance (CMB) model by combining the chemical compositions in ambient PM₁₀ and two sets of PM₁₀ source profiles (i.e., source profiles which were constructed by traditional method and by environmental implication considered method). The results indicated that:the weight-coefficients of coal-fired power plant, industrials and domestic heating were 0.02, 0.59 and 0.39, respectively. The results of source apportionment based on traditional source profiles were as follows:coal combustion dust (27.2%), fugitive dust (19.1%), secondary sulfate (15.7%), residential coal combustion (9.9%), secondary nitrate (9.5%), vehicle exhaust dust (7.6%), steel dust (1.2%) and cement dust (0.2%). While based on environmental implication considered source profiles, that results ranked in secondary sulfate (20.1%), fugitive dust (20%), coal combustion dust (18.9%), residential coal combustion (11.5%), secondary nitrate (10.5%), vehicle exhaust dust (9%), steel dust (1.7%) and cement dust (1.4%). In terms of influencing weight-coefficients of fined-sorted coal combustion sources to ambient PM₁₀, the result of source apportionment of coal-combustion sources was further fractionized, and the result suggested that the contribution of residential coal combustion was up to 11.5%, the contribution of coal-fired power plant was up to 0.4%, the contribution of industrial heating was up to 7.4% and the contribution of industrials was up to 11.1%.