生物破乳菌XH-1的破乳有效成分研究

对破乳菌XH-1（Bacillus mojavensis）的破乳效能进行研究，并对该菌所产生的破乳剂有效成分及其理化性质进行考察。结果表明，破乳菌XH-1全培养液针对O／w型模型乳状液24h破乳率为86．0％，48h破乳率可达100％；XH-1菌的破乳有效成分为胞外分泌物质，该物质耐低温、不耐高温、经胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶及尿素处理后其基本失活；采用不同蛋白质粗体方法对破乳活性物质进行处理，发现粗提产物均具有较好的破乳功能，说明该物质具有蛋白质的特性；经可见-紫外分光光度法扫描及红外光谱扫描分析发现该生物破乳剂的有效成分为破乳菌株XH-1发酵产生的胞外蛋白类物质。

Study on Effective Biodemulsifier Components Secreted by Demulsifying Bacterial Strain XH-1

The demulsifying effective substances of bio - demulsifier secreted by Bacillus mojavensis XH - 1 with high demul- sifying efficiency were researched and their physiochemical properties were analyzed. The study results indicate that for O/W mod- el emulsions, more than 85% efficiency of demulsification was obtained for the strain within 24h and 100% efficiency was ac- quired within 48h. The effective components of biodemulsifier were extracellular substances, that did not possess thermostability, but cool resistance,and their activity were inhibited by pepsin, trypsin and urea. The active demulsifying substances were extrac- ted using different protein extraction methods, and all of the extracts exhibited demulsification activities, indicating that the active substance possessed protein characteristics. The results of ultraviolet spectrophotometry in combination with infrared spectrum scanning demonstrate that the active components of the biodemulsifier were extracellular proteins.