生物滞留系统对溶解性污染物的去除特性及优化途径

生物滞留系统对氮、磷营养盐、重金属与病原菌等溶解性污染物的去除常受系统本身特性和环境因素的影响而高度变异，甚至发生淋洗现象。虽然国内外对生物滞留系统控污能力进行了大量优化研究，并提出了相关技术措施，但这些措施往往仅针对单一污染物，尚未从多目标污染物去除的角度提出生物滞留系统的综合优化途径。因此，以生物滞留系统对溶解性污染物的去除途径为主线，结合去除特性的影响因素分析，分别从植物、填料、构型及运行方式等方面综合探析了生物滞留系统对多目标污染物去除的优化途径，以期提出综合优化措施，实现生物滞留系统对多目标污染物的稳定高效去除。

CHARACTERISTICS AND OPTIMIZATION APPROACH FOR REMOVAL OF DISSOLVED POLLUTANTS IN BIORETENTION SYSTEMS

The removal of dissolved pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria in bioretention systems are highly variable and even leaching out from the system. And the removal characteristic is affected by the inherent characteristics and surrounding environment of bioretention systems. Although lots of optimized researches on pollution-control capacity of bioretention systems have been carried out, and some relevant optimization measures have been proposed, these measures are mainly focused on single pollutant. No comprehensive optimization scheme of bioretention systems can meet the removal requirements of multi-target pollutants. Therefore, in this paper, removal pathways of dissolved pollutants in bioretention systems were introduced in detail as the main line, and optimization approaches for dissolved pollutants removal were comprehensively analyzed in terms of plants, fillers, configurations, and operation modes of bioretention facilities, combining with analysis on the factors influencing removal characteristics. This review is aim to establish comprehensive optimization approaches from conceptual innovations, and then it can help to achieve stable and efficient removal of multi-target pollutants in bioretention systems.