钢渣对京津冀地区典型罐底油泥热解影响

为了研究钢渣对油泥热解产物的影响，以京津冀地区典型罐底油泥为研究对象，利用固定床反应器、热重分析仪对油泥热解条件及反应特性进行研究，通过单因素实验和响应面实验设计考察了热解终温、升温速率、停留时间和钢渣添加量等对热解产物产率的影响，采用气相色谱（GC）、气质联用（GC-MS）、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）等对热解气体、热解回收油和热解焦表征，并对反应后固体残渣采用磁选的方式回收钢渣及分析物相组成（XRD）。热重分析（TG）表明:添加钢渣有利于油泥失重率增加。热解动力学计算表明，油泥单独热解和添加钢渣的反应的表观活化能分别为8.32，7.43 kJ/mol。固定床实验表明:当热解温度为550℃，升温速率为40℃/min，停留时间为30 min时，钢渣添加量为15%时，油泥热解回收油产率最高，达到16.03%。通过17组响应面实验设计，预测回收油产率最高可达16.12%。热解产物分析表明，添加钢渣提高了气体中H₂和CH₄产量增加，降低了CO₂产量。焦油的GC-MS分析表明，添加钢渣提高了焦油中低碳原子数成分含量。这证明了油泥和钢渣协同处置的可行性，可为热态钢渣与油泥的协同处置研究提供数据支撑。

INFLUENCE OF STEEL SLAG ON PYROLYSIS OF OIL TANK BOTTOM SLUDGE IN BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION

In order to investigate the effects of steel slag on pyrolysis of oil sludge, the collaborative disposal of oil sludge and steel slag was proposed. We took typical steel slag and oil tank bottom sludge in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the experimental samples. The effects of the pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, residence time and addition amount of steel slag on pyrolysis products of oil tank bottom sludge in single factor experiments and response surface experiment were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor. In addition, the composition of pyrolysis gases and tar were investigated using GC, GC-MS, SEM and FTIR, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of the pyrolysis final temperature, heating rate and residence time, the pyrolysis tar yield increased first and then decreased. And the pyrolysis tar yield of oil sludge reached the maximum value as the temperature, heating rate and residence time reached 550 ℃, 40 ℃/min and 30min, respectively. Adding steel slag was conducive to increase the weightlessness rate of oil sludge, and the pyrolysis kinetics showed that the apparent activation energy were 8.32 kJ/mol and 7.43 kJ/mol, as the oil sludge pyrolysis (OS) and oil sludge pyrolysis with steel slag(OSSS), respectively. The addition of steel slag promoted the yield of pyrolysis tar and gas, and reduced char yield. The gas composition analysis indicated that steel slag could act as a catalyst in improving the H₂ and CH₄ content and reducing CO₂ content during the pyrolysis process of oil sludge. The addition of steel slag significantly increased the content of short alkanes and increased the C₅~C₁₀ fraction by improving the decomposition of the C₁₅~C₂₀ fraction. It was concluded that the integration of oil sludge pyrolysis with steel slag and the recovery of steel slag from the solid pyrolysis products of oil sludge containing steel slag could be feasible.