厨余和餐厨垃圾混合干式厌氧发酵及活性炭缓解酸抑制研究

分别在中温和高温条件下对厨余垃圾与餐厨垃圾混合干式厌氧发酵产甲烷特性进行研究，结果表明:55℃高温发酵累积产气量均高于35℃中温组；高温组厨余垃圾与餐厨垃圾配比为1:5时发酵累积产气量最大，最大累积产气量达到2492.5 mL，是中温组协同产甲烷的1.4倍。同时，为提高产气率，考察了不同种类活性炭对厌氧发酵的影响，采用甘蔗皮、秸秆、花生藤蔓以及发酵沼渣为原料自制了4种生物质活性炭。实验结果表明，4种活性炭均呈蜂窝煤状的炭孔，其中甘蔗皮活性炭表面炭孔相对规则、完整，微生物可附着面积大，更有利于加快产气进程。添加甘蔗皮活性炭时累积产气3410 mL，相比空白对照组增长20.1%。

DRY ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION OF KITCHEN WASTE AND FOOD WASTE AND ALLEVIATION OF ACID INHIBITION BY ACTIVATED CARBON

The dry anaerobic fermentation performance of kitchen waste and food waste to produce methane characteristics under mesophilic (35℃) and thermophilic (55℃) condition were studied respectively. The results showed that the cumulative gas production in the thermophilic fermentation were higher than that in 35℃ temperature groups. When the ratio of kitchen waste and food waste was 1:5 in the high temperature group, the cumulative gas production reached the highest level. The maximum cumulative gas production was 2492.5 mL, which was 1.4 times of the production of methane in the medium temperature group. In order to increase the yield of biogas, 4 kinds of activated carbon, such as sugarcane rind, straw, peanut vine and biogas residue, were prepared and the effects of different kinds of activated carbon on anaerobic fermentation were investigated. The experimental results showed that the 4 kinds of activated carbon had honeycomb shaped holes, especially the activated carbon produced from sugarcane rind had relatively higher regular and complete holes, which could provide larger area for microbes and improve the process of gas producing. When sugarcane rind activated carbon was added in the system, the cumulative gas production could reach 3410 mL, 20.1% higher than that of blank group.