废LCD面板中有毒有害金属含量及生态风险分析

围绕废弃LCD面板所含重金属的环境风险问题，对台式电脑显示器、笔记本电脑、液晶电视三大类典型LCD面板中9种主要有毒有害金属含量进行分析，并在此基础上分别采用BCR顺序提取法、个体污染因子法（ICF）和TCLP标准毒性浸出法对金属赋存形态、生态风险及浸出毒性进行分析评价。结果显示:实验范围内LCD面板中As含量最高，为1.8×103 mg/kg，其次为Zn、Cr、Sn、Ni、In、Cu、Cd，其浓度含量为26.20~413.00 mg/kg，Pb未检出。LCD面板中As、Cd、Sn、Cr、Ni、Zn等金属以残渣态为主要存在形态，生态风险等级低；In、Cu以可还原态为主要存在形态，生态风险等级高。As、Ni、Zn存在一定浸出毒性风险，其中As、Ni浸出浓度超过GB/T 14848—2017《地下水质量标准》Ⅲ类毒理学指标限值，Zn的浸出浓度超GB/T 14848—2017 Ⅲ类一般化学指标限值。

ANALYSIS OF TOXIC AND HARMFUL METALS CONTENT AND ECOLOGICAL RISK IN WASTE LCD PANELS

Focusing on the environmental risks of heavy metals contained in discarded LCD panels, the contents of nine major toxic and harmful metals in three typical LCD panels, desktop computer display, notebooks and liquid crystal television were analyzed. Furthermore, the occurrence forms, ecological risks and leaching toxicity of metals were analyzed and evaluated by BCR sequential extraction method, individual contamination factors method (ICF) and TCLP standard toxicity leaching method respectively. The results showed that As had the highest concentration in LCD panel in the experimental range, which was 1.8×103 mg/kg, followed by Zn, Cr, Sn, Ni, In, Cu and Cd, with their concentration ranging from 26.20~413.00 mg/kg, and Pb was not detected. In LCD panels, As, Cd, Sn, Cr, Ni and Zn mainly existed in residual form, with a lower ecological risk level. In and Cu took the reducible state as their main existing form, with higher ecological risk level. As, Ni and Zn had certain leaching toxicity risks, in which the leaching concentration of As and Ni exceeded the limit of toxicological index of Rank Ⅲ of Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T 14848—2017), and the leaching concentration of Zn exceeded the limit of general chemical index of rank Ⅲ of GB/T 14848—2017.