自然光照对淹水条件下三峡库区消落带典型土壤磷释放影响

为研究淹水条件下光照对土-水界面磷释放的影响,以三峡库区消落带典型土壤为对象,通过室内自然光照试验,讨论了铁还原及有机质降解对磷释放的影响,分析光照对淹水土壤磷释放的影响机制.结果表明,光照对淹水土壤磷释放存在一定程度的抑制作用,光照作用下淹水紫色潮土上覆水体中TP浓度范围为0.018~0.033 mg·L-1,避光处理为0.02~0.057mg·L-1,灰棕紫泥光照下TP浓度范围为0.028~0.045 mg·L-1,避光处理为0.04~0.084 mg·L-1.光照引起淹水土壤中铁氧化物的变化可能是光照抑制磷释放的重要原因.光照导致土壤中铁氧化物饱和程度降低,铁还原和无定形铁生成受阻进一步加深了光照对磷释放的抑制影响.CO2和CH4反映淹水土壤有机质分解情况,光照降低有机碳的转化效率,加速土壤中无机电子受体的消耗,解释了光照作用下铁氧化物的变化.由此可见,光照对淹水土壤磷释放的抑制与淹水土壤中铁还原和有机质分解密切相关.

Effects of Light Irradiation on Phosphorous Releases from Typical Submerged Soils of Water-Level Fluctuation Zones of Three Gorges Reservoirs Areas

For understanding the impact of light irradiation on the phosphorus (P) releases from soil-water interface, two types of typical soils sampled from water-level fluctuation zones of Three Gorges Reservoir areas were selected as research objectives, and simulated light irradiation experiment in lab was conducted for unveiling the underlying mechanisms of P releases from submerged soils in the presence of light irradiation. The results showed that light irradiation could inhibit P releases from submerged soils by a certain degree. Under light condition, total P (TP) concentrations in underlying water of submerged purple soil ranged from 0.018 to 0.033 mg·L^-1, as compared to the range of 0.02-0.057mg·L^-1 in darkness treatment. Additionally, for gray-brown purple soil, TP was in a range of 0.028-0.045mg·L^-1 when light irradiated, but in the range of 0.04-0.084mg·L^-1 under darkness condition. Meanwhile, changes of iron oxides in soils due to light irradiation were possibly to be the important reason to explain the inhabitation of light irradiation on P releases. Moreover, light irradiation resulted in decreasing saturation degree of iron oxides in soils, which further inhibited the iron reduction and production of amorphous iron, further enhanced the underlying mechanisms of decreasing P releases in presence of light irradiation. Further, CO₂and CH₄ could reflect decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC) in submerged condition. Light irradiation significantly decreased SOC transformation into carbon gases. Stimulating consumption of inorganic electron acceptors in submerged soils could also be used to explain the changes of iron oxides under light irradiation condition. Thus, inhabitation of light irradiation on P releases from submerged soils obviously related with iron minerals reduction and decomposition of organic matter in soils.