构建适应新国土空间规划的流域空间管控体系

优化空间格局、强化空间管控是我国新时期生态环境保护及资源开发利用顶层设计的一项重要战略任务。近年来，《生态文明体制改革总体方案》《关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》等一系列文件，明确提出在国土空间规划中强化生态文明建设理念传导、落实多规合一、突出用途管制等重大调整。流域水生态环境空间管控体系亟须转型，适应国土空间规划体系改革调整等带来的新形势、新要求。本文在详细梳理流域水生态环境空间管控体系演变历程的基础上，深入分析新时期形势和要求，进一步扩充完善了原有体系：创新水功能区、控制单元的功能定位，突出流域完整性与系统性，初步提出了包含全国—流域—水功能区—控制单元—行政区划的空间分区构想；细化设计了统筹水资源、水生态、水环境的目标指标体系；明确了突出功能用途的生态环境管控措施和责任落实体系，为下一步流域水生态环境空间管理政策顶层设计提供决策参考。

Study on Construction of Watershed Ecology and Environment Spatial Management System Under the New Territory Development Planning

Optimizing and strengthening the spatial management is an important strategic task of the top-level design of economy development, resources utilization and ecology and environment protection policies in the new era. In recent years, series policies of territory development, emphasized the requirements of strengthening the construction of ecological civilization in territory development plan, and clearly put forward major adjustments, such as multi compliance, usage control, etc. As an important part of territory development specialized plans, the spatial management system of watershed ecology and environment protection needs to be adapt to the requirements come along with new territory development planning system. In this paper, the evolution process of the spatial management system of watershed ecology and environment protection is combed in detail, the requirements in new era are analyzed in depth. At last, in order to provide decision-making reference in the new ear, this paper puts forward the concept of spatial zoning system, comprehensive target index system, management measures and responsibility implementation mechanism for water eco-environment protection.