自然解决方案的国际经验及其对我国生态文明建设的启示

2019年9月召开的联合国气候行动峰会，确定自然解决方案为应对全球气候变化的重要行动领域，并由中国和新西兰担任牵头国家。近10年，自然解决方案理念发展迅速，联合国环境规划署和世界自然保护联盟等呼吁将自然解决方案作为实现全球可持续发展的核心手段，并提出了具有指导意义的相关标准。本文介绍了自然解决方案的概念、历程与标准，列举了自然解决方案在气候变化、流域修复、生物多样性保护和粮食安全等领域的应用案例，从标准规范、工程管理、体系建设等维度对自然解决方案与我国生态文明建设进行比较，最后提出了有效融合自然解决方案与我国生态文明建设的7条建议。

The International Experience of Nature-Based Solutions and Its Inspiration for China's Ecological Civilization Construction

The 2019 UN Climate Action Summit identified Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) as one of the critical actions to tackle the issue of global climate change, the NBS Coalition was launched during the summit co-led by China and New Zealand. In the last decade, the concept of NBS has been rapidly developed as international organizations including UNEP and IUCN calling for NBS as a vital approach to achieve the goal of sustainable development globally and proposing standards to guide this effort. This paper summarizes the theoretical connotation and historical development of NBS, showcases real-world NBS practices in the field of climate change, watershed restoration, biodiversity protection, and food security. Comparing the current situation of NBS and China''s ecological civilization construction from the dimension of standard-setting, engineering, and system design, this paper provides 7 specific suggestions to effectively integrating the principles and methodologies of both NBS and ecological civilization construction.