广东大宝山矿区锰污染的分布规律和季节影响

以广东大宝山矿区及周边地区为研究区域，对其周边地区的河水、井水中的ρ(Mn2+)，土壤和河流(溪)沉积物的w(Mn)进行分析，从水质类型和物理化学风化及季节变化等方面研究了该地区环境中的锰污染分布及季节性变化规律. 结果表明:大宝山及其周边地区存在Ca-SO₄，Mg-SO₄，Ca-Mg-SO₄和Ca-HCO₃ 4种水质类型，其中Ca-SO₄型水质的ρ(Mn2+)最高，达339.003 mg/L，且当水中ρ(Mn2+)大于21.300 mg/L时，ρ(SO₄2－)均超过了2 000 mg/L；水中ρ(Mn2+)与水体酸度相关，同一地点的水样，其酸度越大ρ(Mn2+)就越大.对于不同区域土样的w(Mn)分布变化规律，表现为尾矿库内土壤剖面的w(Mn)在旱、雨季均呈U型分布；旱季库区内溪泥w(Mn)的大小顺序为上游>中游>下游，雨季则完全相反； 此外，库区外的稻田土样中也发现了Mn累积现象. 

Distribution and Seasonal Influence of Manganese Contamination in Dabaoshan Mine, Guangdong Province

The Mn~(2+) mass concentrations in the river,well water,soil and sludge of the river around the Dabaoshan Mine of Guangdong province were examined,and distribution and seasonal changes of manganese contamination were studied with respect to water quality,physical and chemical weathering and seasonal variations. The results showed that there were four types of water quality in Dabaoshan Mine: Ca-SO_4,Mg-SO_4,Ca-Mg-SO_4 and Ca-HCO_3,among which the Mn~(2+) mass concentration in water quality type of Ca-SO_4 was the highest,being up to 339.003 mg/L. SO_4~(2-) mass concentration was more than 2000 mg/L when Mn2+ mass concentration of the water was greater than 21.300 mg/L. Within the same sample place,the Mn~(2+) mass concentration in water was related to water acidity; the more acidic the water,the higher mass concentration of Mn~(2+) was. The distribution of manganese content in the tailings profile followed the U-shape pattern in both the dry and rainy seasons. The manganese content of steam sludge in the mine area in the dry season followed the order: upsteam > mid-stream > downstream,but in the rainy season the order was opposite. The manganese cumulative effect was also found in the paddy field soil samples.