活性污泥中污泥上浮的产生与控制

对国内外活性污泥法中污泥上浮问题的研究结果表明 ,引起污泥上浮的原因是多方面的。在进水水质方面有 :过量表面活性物质和类脂化合物 ,过低或过高的 pH值冲击 ,碱度过高 ,水温过热 ,酚及其衍生物、醇、醛、某些有机酸、硫化物、重金属及卤化物等致毒性底物的流入等等。工艺运行方面的原因有 :过量曝气 ,污泥缺氧反硝化 ,污泥回流量过大 ,池底积泥腐化以及机械应力等。还有起沫丝状菌的过量生长产生的泡沫和浮渣。控制活性污泥上浮的主要措施有 :调节曝气池的DO、pH值 ,采用均质调节池并控制进水水质及液位 ,合理投加营养盐等

EMERGENCE OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE FLOATATION AND ITS CONTROL IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS

There are many causes that can result in the floatation of an activated sludge.For instance,those in the water quality of the influent are as below:excessive surface active matters,lipid compounds,shock of extreme pH values,very high alkalinity and temperature;inflow of phenol & its derivatives,alcohol,organic acids,and heavy metals etc.Those in process operations are the excessive aeration,denitrification of sludge under anoxic condition,excessively returning sludge and mechanical stress etc.Regulation of DO and pH value of the aeration tank,using a homogeneous adjusting tank and controlling its level,properly adding a nutrient salt are the main measures for controlling the floating upward of the activated sludge.