流域保护区域协同立法的功能定位与规范进路

《长江保护法》《黄河保护法》为长江、黄河流域的区域协同立法提供了法律依据,在流域保护区域协同立法“入法”后,需要明晰其权力空间与运行规则,提升其科学化、规范化水平。流域保护区域协同立法在本质上仍属于地方立法,是功能主义进路下解决跨行政区域流域保护难题的一种选择,是流域整体性保护的立法回应。就其功能而言,具有落实国家立法确立的流域保护整体目标的实施性功能,以地方合作为中心,解决那些通过单独地方立法难以解决的跨行政区域地方性流域保护问题的协调性、自主性、创新性功能。在此基础上,应当通过明晰其立法层级,建立地方立法规划协同机制,改、废、释的协同机制,交叉备案与后评估机制,深化公众参与机制,完善流域保护区域协同立法的运行规则。

Function Orientation and Normative Approach of Regional Cooperative Legislation on Watershed Protection

The Yangtze River Protection Law and the Yellow River Protection Law provide legal guarantee for regional cooperative legislation in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins. After the regional collaborative legislation of watershed protection area" enters into the law", it is necessary to clarify its power space and operation rules, so as to improve its scientific and standardized level. The regional collaborative legislation of watershed protection area is still local legislation in essence, which is a choice to solve the problem of cross-administrative watershed protection under the approach of functionalism, and is the legislative response to the overall protection of watershed. In terms of its functions, it should have the function of implementing the overall goal of river basin protection established by national legislation, focusing on local cooperation, and solving the crossadministrative regional local river basin protection problems that are difficult to solve through local legislation alone. On this basis, the operational rules for regional collaborative legislation in watershed protection areas should be improved by clarifying their legislative levels, establishing coordination mechanisms for local legislative planning, coordination mechanisms for abolishing and reinterpreting, cross-filing and post-filing assessment mechanisms, and deepening public participation mechanisms.