邻苯二甲酸酯降解细菌的多样性、降解机理及环境应用

邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalic acid esters,PAEs)是一类对人体内分泌系统有干扰作用的持续性有机污染物(persistent organic pol utants,POPs)。PAEs在环境介质如水体、底泥和土壤中长期赋存会对生物体产生毒害效应,其分布广、浓度高和难降解等特点是限制有效环境治理的主要因素。作为环境的重要组成部分,微生物对污染物有很强的适应能力和高效的降解能力,这为PAEs的生物修复提供了可能。与物理化学修复法相比,微生物修复技术具有可控性强、修复面广和灵活性高等优势。本文综述了已报道的大部分PAEs降解细菌的种类及其代谢机制,并分析了其在PAEs污染水体和土壤修复中的应用现状与前景,以期为PAEs环境行为与生物修复研究提供参考。

Phthalic Acid Esters-degrading Bacteria: Biodiversity, Degradation Mechanisms and Environmental Applications

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that can disrupt endocrine systems in humans. Long-term exposure to PAEs can induce toxic effects to living organisms in various environmental matrixes, including water body, sediment and soil. PAEs are persistent and frequently detected with high concentrations in environment, which consequently limit their effective removal from contaminated sites. With high tolerance for contaminants and outstanding ability to biodegrade contaminants, microbes show great potentials to bio-remediate PAE-contaminated sites. Compared to physical and chemical approaches, microbial remediation technology has several advantages, including easy manipulation, large-scale application in remediation and high flexibility. The aims of this review are to summarize most of the reported bacterial species, metabolic mechanisms mediated by PAE-degrading bacteria, and the applications of these bacteria in remediation of PAEs-polluted water and soil. This review can provide some new information for further studies on the bio-remediation of PAEs.