增强的UV-B辐射对陆地生态系统的影响

本文根据最近的文献，回顾了ＵＶ－ Ｂ 辐射对陆地生态系统的影响。ＵＶ－ Ｂ 辐射影响植物物候、形态和次生代谢，从而改变生态系统的物种结构、竞争性平衡、食物链、植物病原体、物质循环、真菌移殖与叶片分解。植物物候、形态和次生代谢的变化是ＵＶ－ Ｂ 辐射调控影响生态系统的重要途径，具有重要的生态学意义。虽然我们已经适当了解了ＵＶ－ Ｂ 辐射对植物作用的机理，但由于温室内植物个体水平的短期响应与野外条件下生态系统的长期响应具有明显的差异，到目前为止还不能预测ＵＶ－ Ｂ辐射影响生态系统的精确后果，有时甚至连变化方向也不能预测。因此，必须强调生态系统对ＵＶ－ Ｂ 辐射长期响应的野外研究的重要性。

THE EFFECTS OF ENHANCED UV-B RADIATION ON TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS

The effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on terrestrial is reviewed, with an emphasis on recent literature. UV-B radiation affects plant phenology, morphological characteristics and secondary metabolism, and lead to changes in species structure, competitive balance, food webs, plant pathogens, matter cycling, fungal colonization and leaf decomposition. Changes in plant phenology, morphological characteristics and secondary metabolism are important way that UV-B radiation regulates ecosystem.,and have significant ecological meaning. We have understood properly mechanism that UV-B radiation affects plants, but because of different responses between isolated plants as short-term experiments in greenhouses and ecosystems as long-term research in field, prediction of exact consequences, and sometimes even the direction of these changes, is not currently possible. So, It is necessary to emphasize importance of the responses of ecosystems to UV-B radiation as long-term research in field.