| 控释尿素不同施用条件下冬小麦产量和氮素利用效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 夏伟光,武际,高凤梅,王允青,郭熙盛.控释尿素不同施用条件下冬小麦产量和氮素利用效应[J].国外农业环境保护,2014(1):38-44. |
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| 作者姓名： | 夏伟光 武际 高凤梅 王允青 郭熙盛 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室,安徽合肥230031 [4]安徽农业大学理学院,安徽合肥230031 |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目（13A1003）;公益性行业科研专项（201203013）;国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重点项目（2011BAD16806） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用田间试验方法研究了控释尿素不同施用条件对冬小麦产量、氮素利用和经济效益的影响。试验共设7个处理，即CK （空白处理，不施氮肥）、100%PU10/0（普通尿素全量基施，N 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）、100%PU6/4（60%的普通尿素基施、40%的普通尿素于拔节期追施，N 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）、80%PU6/4（60%的普通尿素基施、40%的普通尿素于拔节期追施，N 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）、100%CRU（全量树脂包膜控释尿素基施，N 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）、80%CRU（80%树脂包膜控释尿素基施，N 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）和40%CRU＋40%PU（40%树脂包膜控释尿素＋40%的普通尿素基施，N 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）。结果表明，无论是产量效应还是氮素利用效应，树脂包膜控释尿素（CRU）处理总体优于普通尿素（PU）处理，尤其树脂包膜控释尿素和普通尿素配施（40%CRU＋40%PU）效果最佳，以7709 kg＆#183;hm-2的产量、36.44%的氮肥吸收利用率、15946元＆#183;hm-2的相对净收入达到处理间最高水平。该处理在减少氮素投入量的情况下，不仅促进了冬小麦增产,而且显著提高了肥料的利用率，拥有较高的产投比。因此，树脂包膜控释尿素和普通尿素的配施处理（40%CRU＋40%PU）是本试验条件下最优的氮肥处理。
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| 关 键 词： | 包膜控释尿素 产量 氮素利用效应 经济效益 冬小麦 coated controlled-release urea（CRU） |
Effects of Controlled Release Urea on Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency Under Different Applied Conditions |
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| Authors: | XIA Wei-guang WU Ji GAO Feng-mei WANG Yun-qing GUO Xi-sheng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031,China ; 2. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui A- cademy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; 3.Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling, Resources and Environment of Anhui, Hefei 230031, China; 4. College of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031,China) |
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| Abstract: | The field trial was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer applications on winter wheat yield, nitrogen utiliza-tion efficiency and economic benefit. 7 treatments were designed as CK（no nitrogen fertilizer applied）, 100%PU10/0（ conventional urea ap-plied before sowing, N rate was 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）, 100%PU6/4（ conventional urea applied before sowing and at jointing with the ratio of 6：4, N rate was 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）, 80%PU6/4 （conventional urea applied before sowing and at jointing with the ratio of 6：4, N rate was 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）, 100%CRU（resin coated controlled release urea applied before sowing , N rate was 240 kg＆#183;hm-2）, 80%CRU（ resin coated controlled release urea applied before sowing , N rate was 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）, and 40%CRU＋40%PU（resin coated controlled release urea and conventional urea ap-plied before sowing , N rate was 192 kg＆#183;hm-2）. The results showed that no matter on the efficiency of yield or that of nitrogen, resin coated controlled-release urea（CRU）was better when compared with conventional urea（PU）. Especially, the combined application treatment （40%CRU＋40%PU）was the best with achieving the highest wheat yield of 7 709 kg＆#183;hm-2, the highest N fertilizer utilization efficiency of 36.44%and the maximum net income of 15 946 yuan＆#183;hm-2. And it could not only increase winter wheat yield with reducing the nitrogen fer-tilizer application, but also improve N fertilizer utilization efficiency and owe the highest ratio of output to input. Therefore, the combined ap-plication of the resin coated controlled-release urea and conventional urea （40%CRU＋40%PU）was the optimal nitrogen fertilizer treatment under the conditions of this experiment. |
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| Keywords: | yield Nitrogen utilization economic benefit winter wheat |
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