四川省森林资源动态变化及其影响因素分析

四川省森林资源在长江上游生态屏障建设和长江经济带发展中具有举足轻重的地位,其动态变化特征及其影响因素对区域生态文明建设乃至全国生态安全格局具有重要的理论和现实意义.针对四川省近20 a森林资源动态变化,选取森林面积、人均森林面积、森林蓄积量、活立木蓄积量、人工造林面积5个森林资源指标,GDP、人均GDP、年末常住人口、城镇化率4个社会经济因素指标,以及年平均降水量、年平均相对湿度、年平均气温和森林火灾总面积等自然因素指标进行相关性分析.结果表明:四川省GDP、人均GDP、城镇化率和年平均气温都对森林资源变化起正向促进作用,具体表现为城镇化率>人均GDP>GDP>年平均相对湿度>年平均气温(P<0.05),而年平均相对湿度则对森林资源的增长起限制作用;四川省施行的政策在森林资源的变化中也起到很大引导作用.根据森林面积空间变化分析,2005—2010年四川盆地西北部和川南山地区主要以增加为主,西部横断山区森林面积增加和减少的量相当;2010—2015年森林面积发生变化的区域整体向东南方向转移,主要集中在四川盆地内部.四川省耕地和草地是林地面积增加主要的来源地类,耕地和灌木是林地面积消耗最主要的地类.

Analysis on the dynamic changes and their influencing factors of forest resources in Sichuan Province

Background, aim, and scope The forest resources of Sichuan Province play a huge role in construction of ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. In recent years, Sichuan Province has achieved rapid economic development and urbanization, which has led to the consumption of forest resources. While, the researches of Sichuan forest resources are not adequately. This article mainly focuses on the dynamic of forest resources in Sichuan Province and its influencing factors to study the change trends and the relationships. Materials and methods This paper selected five forest resource factors: forest area, forest area per capita, forest volume, standing tree volume, and artificial afforestation area, and four factors of socioeconomic factors: GDP, GDP per capita, year-end resident population, urbanization rate, and other natural factors such as annual average precipitation, annual average relative humidity, and annual average temperature to perform Pearson correlation analysis on the data to explore the influencing factors of forest resources in Sichuan Province. Results The results showed that the GDP, GDP per capita, urbanization rate, annual average relative humidity and annual average temperature of Sichuan play a positive role in promoting changes in forest resources. The forest area of Sichuan Province increased overall from 2005 to 2010, with the largest increase in the northern Sichuan Basin and the mountainous areas in southern Sichuan. From 2010 to 2015, the forest area reduction was greater than the forest area increase, and the forest area increase was mainly concentrated in the central and northern Sichuan Basin. Urbanization and economic development are important causes of changes of forest area. Cropland and grassland are the main source types for the increase in forest area, and cropland and shrubs are the most important types of forest land consumption. Discussion This paper analyzed the dynamic changes of forest resources in Sichuan Province, studies have shown that the changes in forest resources in Sichuan depend on many factors, such as GDP, GDP per capita, urbanization rate, annual average relative humidity and annual average temperature, etc. The economic development and urban expansion are the main driving factors for the growth of forest resources, which are consistent with other researches. The precipitation has little effect on forest resources in this study, while the precipitation in July is an important factor of the forest resources in Sichuan Province in some other study, the difference mainly comes from the spatial-temporal scale of the studies. The promotion effect of forest policy on forest resources has been widely recognized in many studies, and this article does not elaborate on it. Conclusions Sichuan Province is rich in forest resources and its forest growth rate is fast. The factors that affect the dynamic changes of forest resources show a diversified trend. Among them, economic development and urban development are most closely related to changes in forest resources. Recommendations and perspectives In order to understand the changes of forest resources in depth, it is necessary to further analyze the internal composition of forest resources, such as the structure of various age groups and the structure of forest species in details.