污染防治攻坚战实施阶段性成效评估研究

污染防治攻坚战是党的十九大提出的我国全面建成小康社会决胜时期的“三大攻坚战”之一，以解决人民群众反映强烈的大气、水、土壤污染等突出问题为重点，全面加强环境污染防治。为客观评估污染防治攻坚战实施成效，本研究构建了污染防治攻坚战评估指标体系与方法，基于环境监测数据、生态环境综合业务调度平台等数据，采用比较法、耦合协调指数等方法，从目标指标、重点任务、政策制度和经济绩效4个维度，对2018—2020年的污染防治攻坚战实施阶段性成效开展评估。结果显示：攻坚战实施成效显著，全面完成规定的13项目标指标，重点任务完成情况总体较好，有效地促进了环境经济协调发展，推动生态环境治理体制机制更加完善。然而，我国生态环境质量改善成效仍不稳固，结构性、根源性、趋势性压力尚未根本缓解，本文建议“十四五”时期应从绿色低碳转型、减污降碳协同增效、关键领域突破、环境治理体系和治理能力等方面深入打好污染防治攻坚战，持续改善生态环境质量。

The Periodic Result Evaluation of Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution

Proposed on 19th CPC National Congress, Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution is one of the Three Tough Battles in the decisive period of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, which attaches great importance on the most concerning problems including atmospheric, water and solid pollution etc., and comprehensively strengthens environmental pollution control. Aiming to objectively assess the periodic result, this paper constructs an indicator system and evaluates the effectiveness of implementation from 2018 to 2020 for Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution, based on dataset including environmental monitoring data and the integrated environmental scheduling platform, using the comparative method, coupled coordination index and other methods, from the four dimensions of target indicators, key tasks, policy system and economic performance. The result shows that Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution made great success. The full completion of the specified 13 target indicators is achieved, the completion of key tasks is generally good, which overall effectively promotes the coordinated development of the environment and economy, and forms a more complete institutional mechanism for ecological and environmental governance. However, the changing result of environmental quality is still unstable; the structural, root and trending pressure has not been fundamentally alleviated. This paper suggests that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we should carry on in-depth Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution and continuously improve the environmental quality through green and low-carbon transformation, concerting reduction of pollution and carbon emission, breakthrough of key areas, and promoting environmental governing system and ability.