我国东部沿海地区蔬菜中重金属累积分布特征及居民膳食暴露评估

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）分析了我国东部北方和南方沿海地区市售叶类、根茎类、瓜果类、豆类及食用菌5类蔬菜样品中6种有害金属元素（Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Hg和Pb）及5种人体必需金属元素（Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn和Se）的累积水平，并研究了其在不同蔬菜样品中的分布特征.结果表明，所有蔬菜样品中的6种有害金属水平均远低于国家食品安全标准规定的最高限量，居民食用这些蔬菜不存在明显的非致癌风险，但因食用蔬菜导致的无机砷暴露有10^-5水平的潜在致癌风险.蔬菜对有害金属和必需金属的累积呈现出明显的同步趋势（P<0.01）.相比其他蔬菜，食用菌表现出对有害金属及必需金属更高的累积水平，提醒人们需加强对食用菌中重金属污染的监测工作.

Accumulation Characteristics and Dietary Exposure Estimation of Heavy Metals in Vegetables from the Eastern Coastal Region of China

The levels of six toxic metals and five essential metals in five groups of vegetables marketed in the eastern coastal region of China were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results showed that the concentrations of six toxic heavy metals in all the vegetables did not exceed the maximum residue limits. The health risk assessment indicated that consumption of vegetables may not pose a potential noncarcinogenic risk to consumers, while there is a carcinogenic risk level of 10^-5 level from inorganic arsenic exposure through vegetable consumption. Additionally, a similar trend was observed for the accumulation of toxic and essential metals. Furthermore, compared with other vegetable groups, edible fungi have a high potential to accumulate toxic and essential metals, which indicates that pollution monitoring of edible fungi should be strengthened.