祁彪佳荒政思想探析

祁彪佳的《救荒全书》是一部重要的通论式的荒政著作,这部论著包含了作者大量的荒政思想和主张,体现出了他对灾害救济的态度。他提出了荒政中用人的重要性,认为救灾＂首要得人＂;同时认为＂屯田垦荒、发展农业乃是千古救荒之祖＂;形成了＂仓储备荒＂、＂兴修水利＂、＂御灾召祥＂、＂崇尚节俭＂、＂赈灾勿缓＂等主要的荒政思想。这些思想是祁彪佳实践经验的总结,也是传统荒政思想的升华。

Analysis on Qi Biaojia’s Thoughts of Famine Relief Policies

On Famine Relief is a famous book written by Qi Biaojia,a politician in Ming dynasty.The book contains many thoughts and proposals of the writer on famine relief policies,revealing his attitude towards disaster relief.In this book,Mr.Qi puts forward an idea that the employment of personnel plays a very important role in famine relief and ＂It’s the first and foremost thing to choose and use people＂.Also,he considers that ＂the cultivation on wasteland and the development of agriculture are the original ways of famine relieving through thousands of years＂,thus forming the thoughts such as ＂warehousing against natural disasters＂,＂undertaking water conservancy projects＂,＂resisting disasters＂,＂advocating thrifty＂ and ＂prompting to relieve people in disasters＂.These views are not only the summary of Mr.Qi’s practical experience,but also the distillation of traditional thoughts of famine relief policies.