基于土壤渗透系数的吉林省湿地补给地下水功能分析

论文借助经验渗透系数法和价值评估方法,通过对吉林省湿地补给地下水服务价值的科学评估,得出吉林省湿地渗漏补给地下水量和价值量,其中每年补给地下水量约99.71亿m³。不同湿地类每年渗漏补给地下水量大小排序是沼泽湿地（46.40亿m³）>湖泊湿地（26.64亿m³）>人工湿地（21.48亿m³）>河流湿地（5.19亿m³）。而不同湿地类中,以内陆盐沼每年渗漏补给地下水量最大,达到每年18.60亿m³,其次是季节性咸水沼泽,每年为14.93亿m³,而水产养殖场最小,每年仅为0.05亿m³。对于吉林省具有不同渗透系数的湿地,其每年渗漏补给地下水量也不同。总体合计吉林省湿地补给地下水价值为401.83亿元。不同湿地类补给地下水价值排序是沼泽湿地（186.99亿元）>湖泊湿地（107.36亿元）>人工湿地（86.56亿元）>河流湿地（20.92亿元）,而不同湿地型补给地下水价值最大为内陆盐沼湿地（74.96亿元）,最小为水产养殖场（0.20亿元）。吉林省湿地补给地下水价值在空间分布上主要集中于3个区域,即以白城市和松原市为核心区域的“沼泽湿地-湖泊湿地-河流湿地”为主的补给地下水区域,以四平市、长春市和辽源市为核心区域的人工湿地补给地下水区域和以吉林市为核心区域的“沼泽湿地-河流湿地”为主的补给地下水区域。论文研究结果能够为吉林省湿地保护、湿地恢复、合理利用以及湿地科学管理提供依据。

Analysis on Groundwater Supply Function of Wetlands in Jilin Province Based on Soil Permeability Coefficient

The amount of seepage and groundwater supply of wetlands in Jilin Province is about 9.971 billion m³ every year. The order of amount from different wetland types is marsh wetland (4.64 billion m³) > lake wetland (2.664 billion m³) > constructed wetland (2.148 billion m³) > river wetland (519 million m³). In different classes of wetlands, the annual amount of seepage and groundwater supply from inland salt-marsh is the maximum (1.86 billion m³), and the second is seasonal salt-marsh (1.493 billion m³), while the amount from aquaculture farm is the minimum (only about 5 million m³). The annual amount of seepage and groundwater is different from wetlands with different permeability coefficient in Jilin Province. The total value of groundwater supply of wetlands in Jinlin Province is 40.183 billion yuan RMB. The order of values of different wetland types is marsh wetland (18.699 billion yuan RMB) > lake wetland (10.736 billion yuan RMB) > constructed wetland (8.656 billion yuan RMB) > river wetland (2.092 billion yuan RMB). In different classes of wetlands, the value of inland salt-marsh is the maximum (7.496 billion yuan RMB) and the value of aquaculture farm is the minimum (20 million yuan RMB). The groundwater supply value of wetlands in Jilin Province wetlands mainly distribute in three areas: the “marsh wetland-lake wetland-river wetland” area centered on Baicheng and Songyuan, the constructed wetland area centered on Siping, Changchun and Liaoyuan, and the “marsh wetland-river wetland” centered on Jilin.