基于容积率指数和单要素DEA方法的工业用地利用效率区域差异研究

从土地利用无差异比较的角度出发,在阐释土地利用差异性比较的思路后,构建容积率指数(VRI)分析了不同区域工业用地利用强度变化,并消除工业产业结构对不同区域工业用地面积的影响,在此基础上利用单要素DEA方法分析了全国不同区域工业用地利用效率的特征及变化趋势。研究结果表明:VRI高的区域多分布在东南沿海地区,VRI低的区域多分布在中西部地区,并且东部地区VRI呈下降趋势;工业用地面积修正后,工业用地利用效率增大的区域多集中在中西部地区,工业用地利用效率下降的区域主要出现在东南沿海地区;以长江三角洲和珠江三角洲为主的东南沿海经济发达地区工业用地利用效率明显高于中西部地区;变异系数反映出区域间工业用地利用效率的差异程度正在逐渐缩小,工业产出的不均衡程度大于工业用地配置的不均衡程度。

Regional Differences of Industrial Land Use Efficiency Based On Volume Rate Index and Sub-Factor DEA Method

The aims of this paper are to illustrate the meaning and method of comparing industrial land use efficiency in different regions by eliminating the industrial land area differences caused by industrial structures, thus to improve the level of industrial land use efficiency assessment. We select the land use intensity as an effective tool to eliminate the effect of industrial land area differences, and explain method of comparing industrial land use efficiency under the situation of no intensity differences. Then we build a“Volume rate index”(VRI) to reflect the land use intensity differences characterized by industrial output, and use it to calculate the comparable areas of industrial land in different regions, achieving the industrial land comparison with no intensity differences. Finally, in order to grasp the full extents of industrial land use in different regions, we make 30 provinces as macro DMUs to measure the industrial land use efficiency using sub-factor DEA method. The data used includes industrial input and output from 2001 to 2011. The results indicate that industrial land in many provinces has not been fully utilized, and there is a massive waste of industrial land area. The areas which have higher VRI distribute in southeast coastal region, and lower VRI areas generally locate in midwest region. After correction of industrial land area, the provinces whose industrial land use efficiency increase are mainly in the midwest region, and the provinces whose industrial land use efficiency decrease are mainly in the southeast coastal region. The changes of industrial land use efficiency and VRI have a negative correlation. China's industrial development has a significant regional gradient difference, that the industrial land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are significantly higher than that in the central and western regions. The coefficient of variation reflects that the imbalance of industrial output is greater than the imbalance of industrial land configuration among regions, while at the same time it reflects that regional gap of land use efficiency is gradually narrowing.