广西土壤镉含量状况与风险评估研究进展

为阐述广西土壤镉含量现状及其潜在风险，论文通过搜集和分析近20 a来公开发表的关于广西区土壤镉含量的文献，共筛选出目标文献60篇，涉及广西30多个地区，样品7 090个，总结了广西区土壤镉含量分布状况与超标情况，以期为相关研究、环境决策和环境管理提供参考。结果表明：广西区土壤镉含量范围、算术均值、几何均值分别为0.040~244.1、12.23、1.884 mg·kg^-1，不同功能区的土壤镉含量分布存在较大差异，调查区域中背景土壤镉含量平均值为0.153 mg·kg^-1;非矿区农用土壤和城市土壤镉含量的几何均值分别为0.467、0.320 mg·kg^-1;工矿区土壤与矿区农用土壤镉含量的几何均值为7.147、6.643 mg·kg^-1，分别是背景土壤镉含量平均值的46.71、43.42倍，单项污染指数分别为7.15、6.64;农田土壤大部分维持在中等污染水平，南丹、环江、金城江、大新等县区土壤受矿区污染影响较大。基于搜集到的文献资料及未调查的区域，建议对南丹、金城江、刁江、大环江、阳朔等区域采取治理措施，对百色德保县、平果县、田东县、田阳县等铝矿主产区进行重点调查，以及矿区周边的农用土壤进行重点监测。

Review on Soil Cadmium Study and Risk Assessment in Guangxi

In order to expound the present situation and the potential risk of soil cadmium (Cd) in Guangxi, the paper collected and analyzed literatures about soil Cd in Guangxi which were published in recent 20 years. Based on the uniform criteria, 60 references were selected involving more than 30 areas in Guangxi, 7 090 samples. The paper summarized the distribution of soil Cd content distribution and the situation of soil Cd content exceeding the standard in Guangxi, so as to provide reference for relevant research, environmental policy making and environmental management. Results show that the soil Cd content in Guanxi ranges 0.040-244.1 mg·kg^-1, with arithmetic mean and geometric mean 12.23 and 1.884 mg·kg^-1, respectively. There were great differences in soil Cd concentration distribution between different functional areas. The average background soil Cd content in the research area is 0.153 mg·kg^-1. The geometric mean of Cd content in agricultural soils and urban soils of non-mining areas were 0.467 and 0.320 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The geometric mean of Cd content in the soil of mining area and in agricultural soil of mining area were 7.147 and 6.643 mg·kg^-1, which were 46.71 and 43.42 times of the background soil Cd content. The majority of farmland soils are maintained at moderate pollution levels. Soils in several counties such as Nandan, Huanjiang, Jinchengjiang and Daxin were greatly affected by the pollution in mining area. There are areas not involved in the collected literatures. We recommend that control measures should be taken in Nandan, Jinchengjiang, Big Huanjiang, Yangshuo and Diaojiang areas, major investigations should be made in Baise Debao, Pingguo, Tiandong and Tianyang aluminum ore producing areas, and monitors on agricultural soil surrounding the mining area should be done.