哈萨克斯坦粮食生产效率动态演进及区域差异

曾为苏联粮仓的哈萨克斯坦是粮食生产大国,对于粮食生产效率问题的研究可以评价其未来粮食生产潜力和粮食生产水平,为推进中哈粮食合作提供参考。基于2005—2017年哈萨克斯坦州际数据,采用三阶段DEA-Windows方法,在控制环境因素基础上测算了该国的粮食生产效率,分析了其动态演变和区域差异。结果发现：剔除外生环境因素后,除北部地区,哈萨克斯坦其他地区粮食生产效率大幅度下降,全国效率均值从0.755下降到0.286;哈萨克斯坦粮食生产效率地区分异显著,北部为0.857,西部仅有0.112,粮食生产效率提升空间很大;调整后全国和各地区的粮食生产效率都呈上升趋势,但与北部的效率差距不断增大,地区内各州粮食效率变化趋于一致。

Dynamic evolution and regional differences of grain production efficiency in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan,which was the granary of the Soviet Union,is a large grain producing country.Research on grain production efficiency can evaluate its grain production potential and grain production level of future,and provide a reference for promoting Sino-Kazakh food cooperation.Based on the inter-state data of Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2017,this paper applied the Three-Stage DEA-Windows method to calculate the country's grain production efficiency in controlling environmental factors,and analyzed its dynamic evolution and regional differences.The results show that after excluding the environmental factors,the grain production efficiency fell sharply except for the northern region,and the average national efficiency dropped from 0.755 to 0.286.The differences in regional grain production efficiency are significant,with 0.857 in the northern part and only 0.112 in the western part,which means that there was much room for the increase of the grain production efficiency.After the adjustment,the grain production efficiency of the whole country and all regions showed an upward trend,but the efficiency gap between the North and other regions was continuing to increase.The changes of grain efficiency of different states in the same region tended to be similar.