武汉城市圈湿地受损程度识别及驱动因素分析

基于1995-2015年的5期土地利用数据和连续时间序列的水体数据集,探究武汉城市圈湿地受损程度及其对应的水体变化特征,并使用Logistic模型进一步揭示湿地受损的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)1995-2015年,武汉城市圈湿地面积呈先增加后减少的趋势,其面积减少了665.15 km^2。湿地受损区域大多分布在武汉市、黄陂县、仙桃市等,主要是由建设用地、旱地侵占湿地引起的;湿地恢复区域大多分布在仙桃市、武汉市,主要表现为由水田向功能湿地转变。(2)20年来,湿地的变化与其水体的退化或增长变化特征相似,即湿地受损区的水体面积减少,湿地恢复区的水体面积增加。(3)Logistic回归表明,建设用地、降雨、GDP是影响湿地受损风险的主要因子,其中人类活动是湿地受损的主要因素。

Identification of wetland damage degree and analysis of its driving forces in Wuhan Urban Agglomeration

Based on the land use data of five periods during 1995-2015 and water body data of continuous time series, this paper examines the degree of wetland damage in Wuhan Urban Agglomeration and its corresponding characteristics of water body change, and then further analyzes the driving mechanism of wetland damage by logistic model. The results are as follows: (1) From 1995 to 2015, the wetland area in Wuhan Urban Agglomeration increased slightly and then decreased, and the wetland area decreased by 665.15 km² during this period. Wetland damage areas were mainly distributed in Wuhan, Huangpi, and Xiantao, which was caused by construction land and dryland encroach wetland. Wetland restoration areas were mainly located in cities of Xiantao and Wuhan, which was caused by the transformation of paddy fields to functional wetland. (2) In the past 20 years, the characteristics of wetland change are similar to those of corresponding water decrease or increase. The area of water body in damaged wetland area decreased while that in restored wetland area increased. (3) Logistic regression result shows that construction land, precipitation and GDP are the main factors affecting the risk of wetland degradation, and human activities are the main forces influencing wetland damage.