中国东海区大陆岸线变迁及其开发利用强度分析

基于东海区海岸带1990-2015年6个时期遥感影像,分析其大陆岸线变迁,并评价其岸线利用强度。结果表明：（1）大陆岸线持续向海推进,且岸线长度缩减了495.91 km。岸线变迁强度呈现波动变化状态。岸线结构中大量自然岸线转变为人工岸线,自然岸线比例缩减了14.18%,而人工岸线占比上升了21.94%,岸线的多样性快速增长。（2）岸线平均分形维数呈现波动下降趋势,形态向平直、规则方向发展。海岸带海陆格局表现为陆进海退,陆地面积增加了2655.01 km²,海岸带受滩涂养殖、围填海、港口建设等人类活动影响显著。（3）岸线的开发利用强度加强。岸线人工化指数增加,2015年增长至53.88%。开发利用主体度由单一主体模式发展形成二元主体模式,至2015年,岸线二元主体转变为基岩岸线和建设岸线,主体度分别为30.53%和20.26%。岸线综合利用指数上升了32.42%,人类活动对岸线变化影响力大幅提高。

The change of continental coastline and its development and utilization intensity in the East China Sea

Based on remote sensing images of the six periods from 1990 to 2015 in the coastal zone of the East China Sea, the changes of the continental coastline were analyzed and the intensity of shoreline utilization was evaluated. The results show that: (1) The continental coastline continued to go towards the sea, and the length of the coastline was reduced by 495.91 km. The intensity of shoreline changes was fluctuating. A large amount of natural shorelines in the structure was converted into artificial shorelines, and the proportion of natural shorelines decreased by 14.18%, while that of artificial shorelines increased by 21.94%, and the diversity of shorelines increased rapidly. (2) The average fractal dimension of the coastline showed a downward trend of fluctuation, and the shape developed in a straight and regular direction. The sea-land pattern of the coastal zone was characterized by land reclamation and the land area increased by 2655.01 km². The coastal zone was significantly affected by human activities such as tidal flat farming, reclamation and port construction. (3) The development and utilization intensity of the coastline was strengthened. The coastline artificialization index increased to 53.88% in 2015. The development and utilization of the subjectivity changed from the single subject model to the formation of the dual subject model, by 2015, the coastline dual entity into bedrock coastline (30.53%) and construction coastline (20.26%). The coastline comprehensive utilization index rose by 32.42%, and the influence of human activities on coastline changes significantly increased.