| 近30年我国自然灾害灾情时间分布特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁艺,马玉玲.近30年我国自然灾害灾情时间分布特征分析[J].灾害学,2011,26(3):65-68,82. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁艺 马玉玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 民政部国家减灾中心,北京,100022
2. 民政部国家减灾中心,北京,100022;北京师范大学,地理学与遥感科学学院,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用民政部统计核定的1978-2009年全国年度灾情数据,以及国家统计局发布的社会经济统计数据,从灾情指标的绝对量、相对量及其变异系数入手,分析了我国自然灾害的年际、年代际趋势变化和波动变化特征。结果表明:近30年来,我国自然灾害灾情年际和年代际变化趋势明显。总体上,死亡人口下降趋势明显,人口受灾情况、农作物受灾情况和直接经济损失上升趋势明显,但相对直接经济损失下降趋势明显,房屋倒塌比例也有所下降;1990年代,灾害造成的各项损失较之1980年代增大趋势明显。我国自然灾害的影响范围趋于相对稳定,而灾害强度波动性较大,且有增大趋势。灾情的趋势和波动变化特征,反映了全球气候变化下极端事件更加频发,强度有所增加的趋势。灾情指标的大小与年度主要灾害类型以及重灾年份有关。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国 自然灾害 灾情 时间分布特征 灾情指标 |
Analysis on Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Natural Disaster Losses in China in the Recent Three Decades |
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| Yuan Yi,Ma Yuling.Analysis on Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Natural Disaster Losses in China in the Recent Three Decades[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2011,26(3):65-68,82. |
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| Authors: | Yuan Yi Ma Yuling |
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| Institution: | Yuan Yi1 and Ma Yuling1,2 (1.National Disaster Reduction Center of China,Ministry of Civil Affairs,Beijing 100022,China,2.School of Geography,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China) |
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| Abstract: | Making use of the yearly statistics of natural disasters of China between 1978 and 2009 as arranged and ratified by the Ministry of Civil Affairs,and the socio-economic statistics released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China,the interannual and interdecadal variation characteristics of natural disasters in China in terms of the absolute values and relative values of variation in disaster loss data and the fluctuation features of different indicators by adopting coefficients of variation are analyz... |
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| Keywords: | China natural disasters disaster condition temporal distribution characteristics disaster loss indicator |
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