浒苔绿潮与南黄海近岸海域水质的关系

浒苔绿潮在黄海海域连续暴发,为研究浒苔绿潮与该海域水质的关系,根据2010年3~6月5个航次对南黄海苏北近岸浒苔绿潮暴发区海域生态环境要素的调查数据,重点研究了该海域温度、盐度、溶解氧、pH值的分布特征及其与浒苔绿潮的关系.结果表明,受陆地径流及苏北沿岸流的影响,调查海区为低盐高营养盐区,为绿潮的暴发提供了一定物质基础.第1航次到第5航次温度由8.8℃升高到21.6℃,第3航次调查海区开始出现漂浮浒苔藻体,此航次温度平均值为14.6℃;盐度平均值为31.6,第3航次到第5航次温度和盐度值均处于浒苔藻体适宜的生长范围之内.调查海区整体上均处于富氧状态,且从第1航次到第5航次溶解氧值逐渐减低.受陆地径流的影响整个调查区域pH值基本都小于8.0.海区适宜的温度、盐度、溶解氧及pH值,为近些年黄海海域浒苔绿潮持续的大规模暴发,提供了一定的环境条件.

Relations of Enteromorpha prolifera blooms with temperature,salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH in the Southern Yellow Sea

In March-June 2010, five cruises were conducted at “hot spots” for Enteromorpha prolifera bloom in the Southern Yellow Sea to study the importance of environmental factors in the outbreak of green tide. Waters in the investigated area were observed to have a low salinity and high nutrients due to the terrestrial runoff and northern Jiangsu coastal current. These characteristics may result in the frequent outbreak of green tide in this area. Water temperature increased gradually from 8.8℃ to 21.6℃ during the five cruises. During the third cruise (average temperature, 14.6℃; average salinity, 31.6), floating Enteromorpha prolifera mats were observed at the survey area. Temperature and salinity during 3-5cruises were found to be suitable for the growth and spore release of Enteromorpha prolifera. DO was over-saturated at most sampling stations and it decreased gradually from cruise 1to 5. pH was found to be less than 8.0at almost the entire survey area due to the terrestrial input. Results of this study implied that temperature, salinity, pH and DO could be the factors that enhance the growth and spore release of Enteromorpha prolifera, subsequently promoting the occurrence of green tide in the southern Yellow Sea.