Honeybees (Apis mellifera) as a biological barrier for contamination of honey by environmental toxic metals |
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| Authors: | Małgorzata Dżugan Monika Wesołowska Grzegorz Zaguła Mateusz Kaczmarski Maria Czernicka Czesław Puchalski |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology,University of Rzeszow,Rzeszów,Poland;2.Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences,Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra,Nitra,Slovakia;3.Department of Bioenergy Technology and Food Analysis,University of Rzeszów,Rzeszów,Poland;4.Department of Agriculture,The Jan Grodek State Vocational Academy in Sanok,Sanok,Poland |
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| Abstract: | The aim of the study was to investigate the transfer of toxic metals from honeybee workers (Apis mellifera L.) to bee honey in relation to the ecological state of the environment. The materials of the study consisted of samples of honeybee bodies and varietal honeys taken from the same apiary located in three areas: R1—urbanized (16), R2—ecologically clean (16) and R3—industrialized (15) of south-eastern Poland. The contents of 14 elements in all tested samples, including toxic metals (Cd, Pb, Hg, Al, Ni, Tl) as well as bioelements (K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se), were analysed by the ICP-OES method with prior microwave mineralization. The concentrations of the majority of the studied elements, excluding aluminum and lead, were significantly higher in bee bodies than in honey samples (P??1, respectively), which suggests the possibility of secondary contamination of honey. The greatest sensitivity to heavy metal pollution was observed in honeydew honey compared to nectar honeys (P?
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