改进多目的地旅行公共费用分成模型及其在若尔盖县游憩价值评估中的应用

多目的地环程旅行问题是应用旅行费用法（TCM）进行游憩价值评估的难点和热点,客观准确地对多目的地旅行公共费用进行分成,确定各目的地的费用权重成为游憩价值评估的关键性问题。因此,本文引入旅行公共费用和目的地直接费用的概念,改进多目的地旅行公共费用分成计算模型,将待评估目的地直接费用与多目的地总直接费用的比值作为待评估目的地在旅行公共费用中的分成权重。该计算模型尝试根据调查游客自身的消费特点进行旅行公共费用分成,避免主观假设的影响,旨在使费用分成更加客观、科学。对若尔盖县游憩价值的评估结果为：2017年若尔盖县游憩价值为31.09亿元,人均游憩价值1538元;其中旅行费用 25.06亿元,人均旅行费用1240元;消费者剩余6.03亿元,人均消费者剩余298元。通过改进多目的地旅行费用分成模型,可推动游憩价值评估方法的发展和完善。研究结果可为若尔盖县生态旅游产业发展规划提供科学指导。

Improvement and application of the multi-destination travel cost sharing model in recreation value evaluation of Zoige county

Multi-destination round-trip travel is a hot spot in the evaluation of tourism value with the travel cost method (TCM). But it is a key problem in the evaluation of recreation value to divide the public cost of multi-destination travel and determine the cost weight of each destination objectively and accurately. Therefore, this paper, with Zoige county as object of study, and most popular Huahu Lake and the First Bend of Yellow River in Zoige county as two sample points, introduces the concepts of public travel costs and the direct costs of destination, to improve the calculation model of public cost sharing in multi-destination travel; that is, the ratio of direct expenses in the destination to be evaluated to the total direct expenses of multi-destination is taken as the shared weight of the destination to be evaluated in the public travel expenses. The calculation model shares the public cost of the trip according to tourists' own consumption characteristics surveyed, and tries to avoid the influence of subjective assumptions, and to make the sharing of expenses more objective and reasonable. This can properly solve the widespread multi-destination round-trip travel problem. Based on the interval travel cost method, this paper applies the improved cost sharing calculation model to evaluate the recreation value of Zoige county. In 2017, the recreation value was 3.109 billion yuan and the per capita recreation value was 1538 yuan, in which, the travel cost was 2.506 billion yuan, the per capita travel cost was 1240 yuan, the consumer surplus was 0.603 billion yuan, and the per capita consumer surplus was 298 yuan. This paper can help to improve recreation value assessment methods by modifying the multi-destination travel cost sharing model. The research results can provide scientific guidance for the development and planning of eco-tourism industry in Zoige county.