废旧塑料处置地沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及其生态风险

为了解废旧塑料处置活动对区域水体的影响,采用气相质谱联用仪(GC-MS),对河北省某废旧塑料处置地沉积物中16种PAEs(phthalate esters,邻苯二甲酸酯)的污染特征和生态风险进行了研究. 结果表明:研究样地的w(∑₁₆PAEs)为0.527~102 μg/g, 平均值为18.9 μg/g,其中,DEHP〔邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯〕是PAEs最主要的污染单体,平均占w(∑PAEs)的66.6%. 对该处置地的污染物源分析表明,沉积物中PAEs主要来源于废旧塑料回收利用过程中的环境排放. 沉积物中w(DEHP)(14.2 μg/g)和w(DBP)(1.41 μg/g)(DBP为邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯)均超过各自环境风险限值(ERLs),w(DIBP)(DIBP为邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯)超过了美国华盛顿州颁布的沉积物质量警戒限值(0.610 μg/g). 研究显示,沉积物中DBP对鱼类的生态风险及DEHP对藻类和鱼类的生态风险水平不可接受,应引起足够重视. 

Contamination and Risk of Phthalate Esters in Sediments from a Plastic Waste Recycling Area

Abstract:The contamination features and ecotoxicological risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in sediments from a plastic waste recycling area in Hebei Province were investigated to improve our understanding of the extent of PAEs pollution caused by plastic waste recycling operations. Samples were detected using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The total concentrations of 16 PAEs ranged from 0.527 to 102 μg/g. With a mean concentration of 18.9 μg/g, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most dominant congener, accounting for 66.6% of the total PAEs in the sediments. Source assessment indicated that the PAEs in the sediments were mainly derived from the inputs from poorly controlled plastic waste recycling operations. The results showed that the concentrations of DEHP and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) exceeded the Environmental Risk Limits (ERLs), and the concentrations of diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exceeded the environmental quality standards for sediment of Washington State(0.610 μg/g). The risk levels from exposure to DBP and DEHP in the sediment were unacceptable for fish and algae, respectively, and therefore they should be paid attention to.