餐厨废水发酵液协同焦化废水EGSB启动的特性

在中温条件下，采用餐厨废水发酵液协同焦化废水的方法快速启动膨胀式颗粒污泥膨胀床（EGSB），通过分析化学需氧量、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、颗粒污泥浓度、颗粒污泥粒径分布（PSD）、胞外聚合物（ECP）、颗粒污泥表面形态及其内部结构等指标，探讨了反应器在不同驯化阶段的污泥特性和运行特性的变化。结果表明：通过逐步增加有机负荷和降低餐厨废水发酵液浓度份额，经69 d实现了反应器的快速启动，COD平均去除率达34%。颗粒污泥在依次完成解体、流失和修复的整个驯化过程中，其特性发生了显著变化，SS由接种时（36.66±0.63）g·L-1降至（29.76±0.65）g·L-1，mVSS/mSS平均值由0.69±0.01降到0.66±0.02；成熟的颗粒污泥以0.43~1.70 mm范围的小粒径颗粒污泥为主，污泥颗粒化程度（SGR）为86.63%。胞外多聚物（ECP）也显著降低，其平均值仅为（34.43±1.40）mg·g-1。扫描电镜显示，驯化成功的颗粒污泥表面和剖面的微生物种类和数量更加丰富，其组成元素也发生较大变化。

Characteristics of the fermentation produces of kitchen garbage to enhance start-up of expanded granular sludge blanket reactor for coking wastewater

The rapid start-up method of an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor with the addition of fermentation products from kitchen garbage and coking wastewater was analyzed in terms of the dichromate method of chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), granular sludge concentration, particle size distribution (PSD), extracellular polymeric substances (ECP), and the surface and inner face of the granular sludge structure. In addition, the reactor operation and sludge characteristics were investigated during different acclimation stages. The results indicate that the EGSB reactor achieved a shorter start-up period of 69 days, during which the organic load rate (OLR) was increased and the proportion of the fermentation products from kitchen garbage was decreased. In addition, the efficiency of COD removal was approximately 34%. The granular sludge characteristics greatly changed during the process of domestication of disintegration, loss, and restoration. The average (SS) content varied from (36.66±0.63)g·L-1 to (29.76±0.65)g·L-1, and the average ratio of mVSS/mSS decreased from 0.69±0.01 to 0.66±0.02. The PSD of the mature granular sludge dominated, with a diameter range from 0.43 to 1.70 mm. The sludge granulation rate (SGR) took 69 days to increase to 86.63%. When these results were compared with the inoculated sludge, the content of the ECP was significantly lower, and the average content of the ECP was only (34.43±1.40)mg·g-1. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the microorganisms on the surface and inside of the cultured granular sludge were diverse. The element composition of the sludge varied remarkably as well.