长江中游城市群县域城镇化水平空间格局演变及驱动因子分析

在通过可达性方法确定长江中游城市群县域范围的基础上,运用熵值法从人口、经济及社会3个子系统对长江中游城市群县域2001、2006及2011年3个时期城镇化发展水平进行综合测度,运用空间自相关对综合城镇化水平的空间演变进行分析并分类,利用回归分析对各类型县域进行驱动因子分析。结果表明:(1)长江中游城市群县域综合城镇化水平持续提升,但各地区间的发展速度差异明显;在子系统演化过程中,以经济城镇化的快速演进为主要特征,其次为社会城镇化,最后为人口城镇化过程。(2)综合城镇化水平及其变化率与城市等级规模、交通及产业结构转型密切相关;各子系统在空间格局演变进程中有着不同的特点,但子系统变化率间具有明显的正相关性。(3)长江中游城市群县域城镇化依据关联性可以划分为"耦合聚集"型、"中心洼地"型、"拮抗聚集"型及"核心边缘"型,各类型县域空间格局演变明显。(4)內源力在"耦合聚集"型县域及"拮抗聚集"县域城镇化进程中具有促进作用,投资力对"中心洼地"型县域影响作用明显,而"核心边缘"型县域主要驱动因子为行政力和內源力;根据各类型县域主要驱动因子提出促进城镇化发展的相应措施,以做到因地制宜地指导各地区城镇化健康发展。

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE LEVEL OF COUNTY URBANIZATION AND ITS DRIVING FACTORS IN URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN THE MIDDLE REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER

With the method of accessibility,this study defined a county-scale in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River.Based on the entropy method,this study estimated a comprehensive evaluation index system for county urbanization level in three subsystems:population,economy and society in 2001,2006 and 2011.Spatial autocorrelation was used to analyze the spatial evolution of the comprehensive level of urbanization.Regression analysis was used to analyze the driving factors for each type of county.The following conclusions are made:(1) there were three nodes i.e.Wuhan,Changsha and Nanchang through calculation of the city's comprehensive strength,which defines the county-scale in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River based on "3 hours city circle" scope with grid-network integration method with ArcGis9.3.It has 163 counties with the method of accessibility.(2) The comprehensive level of county urbanization continually improving,but the difference of the evolving speed is obvious in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze river; for the subsystems,economic evolution is the main feature of the rapid evolution of urbanization,followed by the social urbanization and the population urbanization process is the least advanced.It showed that county will enter or has already entered into the second phase of urbanization (the connotation of urbanization stage) in urban agglomeration in this area.(3) The comprehensive urbanization level and changing rate were closely related to city level and scale,the transportation and transformation of industrial structure in 2001,2006 and 2011; Each subsystem has its own characteristics of spatial evolving pattern,but the changing rate has obvious similarity among subsystems.(4) According to the correlation of comprehensive urbanization level,the county can be divided into four types,i.e.coupled together,central lowland,antagonism together,and core—edge type; the evolution of spatial pattern is obvious in each type of county.(5) Endogenous force in "coupled together" county and "antagonism together" county is an acceleration role in the process of urbanization,investment force effect on depression in "central lowland" county,the main driving factor for "core-edge" county is administrative force and endogenous force.Endogenous force had a significant effect in four types of counties.It showed that the regional urbanization largely depended on its own economic development or production elements.Based on the above results,this study put forward some corresponding measures to promote the development of urbanization and guide the healthy development of regional urbanization based on various types of county driving factor.It is of farreaching significance that urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River is striving to become "the fourth pole" of Chinese economy.