山东黄河下游流域土壤碳储量及时空变化研究

全球气候变暖及其影响是当前人类面临的重大环境问题之一,大气CO2浓度的剧增为人类生活带来的诸多环境问题越来越严重。土壤有机碳是陆地生态系统碳库的重要组成部分,它的微小变化直接影响大气温室气体的浓度。本文利用2003~2010年多目标区域地球化学调查及20世纪80年代全省第二次土壤普查碳数据,对山东省黄河下游流域土壤碳密度、碳储量及时空变化规律和固碳潜力与机制进行了研究,结果表明,1.0 m土层有机碳库约占我国SOCP的3.28%;表现出"碳汇";水稻土碳密度最高、砂姜黑土次之,滨海盐土最低;研究区0~1.0 m土层固碳潜力为1.02×109t,相当于可减少大气中0.081%CO2浓度。通过相关性分析表明,在土壤中增施有机肥和N、P、K肥,以及施用Zn等矿质肥料可有效提高土壤中的有机碳量,提升土壤固碳能力,而含Cl量过高是滨海土壤固碳的破坏性因素。本研究为缓解大气CO2浓度的剧增的环境压力,发挥和提高我国土壤生态系统的固碳潜力提供了科学依据。

Spatial and Temporal Changes in Soil Carbon Storage in the Lower Yellow River Basin, Shangdong Province

Global climate change and its impacts on the human face is one of the major environmental problems. A great increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration brings more and more serious environmental problems to human life. Soil organic carbon is an important part of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool. While its slight change has a direct impact on the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. In this paper, in terms of the carbon data of multi purpose regional geochemical survey in 2003~2010 and the second soil survey of Shandong Province in the 1980s, it is shown that soil organic carbon at the depth of 1.0m accounts for 3.28% of SOCP, which shows "carbon sink"; carbon density is highest in paddy soil, and the second highest in Shajiang black soil, then lowest in coastal saline soil. Soil carbon sequestration potential is 1.02×10⁹ t in the 0~1.0 m-depth soil in the study area, which means it can reduce the concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ by 0.081%. Through the correlation analysis it is indicated that using organic fertilizer and N, P, K, Zn fertilizers, mineral fertilizer in the soil can improve soil organic carbon content and soil carbon sequestration. Meanwhile, the reason that makes soil carbon sequestration be destroyed is too much Cl. This study provides the scientific basis for remission of atmospheric CO₂ concentration which leads to the increase of environmental pressure and improving China''s soil ecosystem carbon sequestration potential.