Simulation of Jeddah multi-port sea outfall |
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Authors: | Abdullah S Al-Ghamdi |
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Institution: | (1) Civil Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia |
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Abstract: | Jeddah wastewater multi-port outfall was analyzed using CORMIX2 for average ambient conditions. The numerical analysis of
the outfall shows that the near-field mixing extends 187.5 m downstream of the diffuser and the dilution at the end of near-field
reaches 1,047.8. The concentration of the plume drops sharply from 100 at the exit point to 0.0954 at the end of near-field
zone. In the far-field zone the reduction in concentration is gradual and will reach 0.0061 at a distance of 20,000 m downstream
of the diffuser, while dilution exceeds 16,440 at this point. The plume rises rapidly due to the buoyancy and touches the
water surface at a distance of 187.5 m downstream. The thickness of the plume reaches a maximum value of 37.5 m at the interface
of near-field and far-Field zones, and then it starts spreading horizontally maintaining a thickness of about 13 m over a
distance of about 4 km. As the plume mixes with ambient sea water, it starts spreading again in vertical direction and fills
the entire water depth at a distance of 18,927 m down stream. The plume maintains nearly a constant width in the near-field
zone but spreads progressively horizontally in the far-field zone till the plume touches the left bank at a distance of 18,482.52 m
downstream. The plume spreads at a distance of 2,069 m from the coastline at the end of simulation zone. It can be concluded
from numerical results that if the discharged water meets local and international standards for treated wastewater, the plume
will not pose any threats to the local venerable environment as the dilution is considerably high due to high exit momentum
and favorable cross current. |
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