IBIS改进及其多尺度流域分布式生态水文模拟

针对集成生物圈模拟器IBIS未考虑高分辨率模拟情况下地表起伏对太阳辐射等参数影响的特点，改进了IBIS的地表太阳辐射计算模块、日气象数据读取模块，并增加了坡度、坡向数据读取模块。在土地利用覆被数据、DEM、坡度、坡向和降水、气温、云量、湿度、风速等气象数据的支持下，利用改进的IBIS分别对泾河及其子流域在0.041 5°和0.001°空间尺度上的生态水文过程进行了模拟，并用二源遥感估算的蒸散发对模拟结果进行了空间比较分析。结果表明，改进的IBIS在日、月、年不同时间尺度和不同空间尺度上均具有很好的模拟适应性与模拟能力，模拟蒸散发与二源遥感估算蒸散发结果比较一致，总体空间分布形态和趋势具有相似特征。

Modification of IBIS and Distributed Simulation of Eco-hydrological Progress with it in Multi-scale Watersheds

The calculation module of solar radiation received by ground surface was modified firstly , and then the reading interface of daily meteorological data was modified. Moreover, the reading module of slope and aspect data was added into the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) in this paper. The modified model was used to simulate the temporal and spatial distribution of land surface eco-hydrological parameters at different spatial resolutions of 0. 0415° and 0. 001° respectively under the support of LULC, DEM and meteorological data including precipitation, air temperature , cloud, wind speed and humidity, over the Jinghe River Basin and sub-basins. The spatial variation of the simulated actual evapotranspiration using the modified IBIS model was compared with the estimated actual evapotranspiration with N' 95 two-source model using remote sensing data. The results indicated that the modified IBIS model has satisfied performance of simulating the spatial variation of actual evapotranspiration across the different spatial resolutions over the Jinghe River Basin and the upper reaches of the Heshuichuan Watershed. The simulated actual evapotranspiration could reflect the spatial characteristics of vegetation, soil property and meteorological variables which are in good agreement with remotely-sensed actual evapotranspiration in terms of the spatial heterogeneity and the changing trend. As a whole, the modified IBIS eco-hydrological model could successfully simulate regional eco-hydrological parameters over the Jinghe River Basin and the upper reaches of the Heshuichuan Watershed which is located in the Loess Plateau.