Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): causes,treatment and case studies |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mining Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, TR 32260 Isparta, Turkey;2. Department of Mining Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar TR 34320 Istanbul, Turkey;1. School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;2. Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK;1. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;2. Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Wetsus, Centre of Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands;4. IBB – Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA;2. Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;1. LUT Chemtech, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland;2. Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;3. Department of Silicate Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;4. Depatrment of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia |
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| Abstract: | This paper describes Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) generation and its associated technical issues. As AMD is recognized as one of the more serious environmental problems in the mining industry, its causes, prediction and treatment have become the focus of a number of research initiatives commissioned by governments, the mining industry, universities and research establishments, with additional inputs from the general public and environmental groups. In industry, contamination from AMD is associated with construction, civil engineering mining and quarrying activities. Its environmental impact, however, can be minimized at three basic levels: through primary prevention of the acid-generating process; secondary control, which involves deployment of acid drainage migration prevention measures; and tertiary control, or the collection and treatment of effluent. |
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