磁铁矿纳米颗粒与Pb~(2+)复合物对大鼠肾细胞的毒性研究

磁铁矿纳米颗粒(magnetite nanoparticles, MNPs)是一种环境友好型吸附剂,广泛应用于废水中Pb~(2+)的处理。目前,有不少关于MNPs毒性的研究,但对MNPs处理Pb~(2+)形成的复合物的毒性却鲜有报道,其复合毒性亟待深入研究。本文以大鼠肾细胞(NRK)作为细胞模型,系统研究不同Pb含量的MNPs-Pb复合物,以及相应浓度的MNPs和Pb~(2+),对大鼠肾细胞活性、细胞形态和密度的影响,考察细胞对纳米颗粒的摄取以及细胞凋亡的作用机制,评估MNPs-Pb的毒性效应。结果表明,在本实验浓度和暴露时间(12 h)条件下,Pb~(2+)能够显著抑制细胞活性,改变细胞形态,促进细胞凋亡,对细胞有显著的毒性效应,并且呈现剂量相关性;利用MNPs吸附水环境中Pb~(2+)形成的复合物MNPs-Pb对大鼠肾细胞没有显著的毒性作用(P<0.05),MNPs对Pb~(2+)的吸附可能是Pb~(2+)的细胞毒性降低的原因。

The Cytotoxic Effects of Magnetite Nanoparticle-Pb2+ Complex on Rat Kidney Cells

Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) are environment-friendly adsorbents, which are widely used in the treatment of Pb²⁺ in wastewater. Recently, significant research efforts have been made toward the investigation of MNPs toxicity, whereas very little attention has been paid to the complex of MNPs and Pb²⁺ (MNPs-Pb). To evaluate the potential cytotoxic effect of MNPs-Pb, rat kidney cells (NRK) were used as model cell to study the cellular internalization of MNPs-Pb and the cytotoxic effects of both MNPs-Pb and Pb²⁺, including cell viability, cell morphology and density, and apoptosis. It was found that under the experimental concentrations and conditions, Pb²⁺ could significantly inhibit cell activity, change cell morphology and promote cell apoptosis, thus displaying dose-dependent toxic effects on cells. Compared with the corresponding concentration of Pb²⁺, the toxicity of MNPs-Pb complex on rat kidney cells was significantly reduced. There was no significant toxic effect of MNPs-Pb on rat kidney cells.