抗生素、重金属和杀生剂抗性共选择机制

细菌抗生素抗性已被世界卫生组织认定为对公众健康的重要威胁。细菌抗性除了受到抗生素的直接选择压力,也受到其他物质如重金属和杀生剂的共同影响。研究发现,细菌可以通过外排泵系统、细胞膜通透性改变、作用靶标点的改变、酶修饰或降解作用、应激反应改变生理特性、金属螯合和生物转化等抗性机制对这些选择压力产生抗性,或者通过协同抗性、交叉抗性和共调控抗性的机制产生多重抗性。本文综述了细菌对抗生素、重金属和杀生剂的单一抗性机制、多重抗性机制,以及重金属和杀生剂对细菌抗生素抗性的影响机制,并分析了目前研究的不足之处。

Co-selection Mechanism of Antibiotic, Metal and Biocide Resistance

Bacterial antibiotic resistance has been recognized as an important threat to public health by the World Health Organization. Besides the direct selection pressure of antibiotics, bacterial antibiotic resistance is also affected by some other substances such as heavy metals and biocides. It has been found that the mechanisms of bacterial resistance include efflux pump system, change of cell membrane permeability, change of target sites, modification or degradation of enzymes, change of physiological characteristics by stress response, metal chelation and biotransformation. And multiple resistance could be produced by synergistic, cross-resistance and co-regulation of resistance. In this paper, we summarized the single and multiple resistance mechanisms of bacteria to antibiotics, heavy metals and biocides, and the influence mechanism of heavy metals and biocides on bacterial antibiotic resistance. The short of current researches were also addressed.