APCS-MLR结合PMF模型解析厦门杏林湾近郊流域沉积物金属来源

城市化、工业化和农业集约化的快速发展，导致排入近郊流域水体中的金属不断增多.为了及时阻断污染源头，制定有针对性的风险缓解措施，准确识别和量化复杂环境内沉积物中金属的污染来源显得尤其重要.对厦门杏林湾近郊流域水系表层沉积物中14个金属元素(Cd、 Cu、 Sr、 Zn、 U、 Pb、 Th、 Ni、 Be、 Co、 Cr、 Rb、 V和Mo)含量进行分析测定.综合运用相关性分析、聚类分析、绝对主成分-多元线性回归(APCS-MLR)和正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)等多种方法，识别和定量解析污染源及贡献.近郊流域水系沉积物中大部分金属元素含量超过厦门市C层土壤环境背景值，各金属在不同区域(许溪、苎溪、后溪和杏林湾)分布存在差异，平水期和丰水期的苎溪区域样点的表层沉积物中，变异系数大的Cr、 Cu、 Zn、 Mo和Cd元素含量比其他区域的含量高，其中，Cu和Cd污染较为严重；丰水期的整体区域沉积物中金属的富集程度相比于平水期有所下降，Cu和Cd在两个时期均为显著富集；相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析表明，杏林湾近郊流域水系表层沉积物中金属污染来源较为复杂. Ni、 Cu、 Zn和Pb主要来源于...

APCS-MLR Combined with PMF Model to Analyze the Source of Metals in Sediment of Xinglin Bay Suburban Watershed, Xiamen

The rapid development of urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural intensification has led to a continuous increase in the amount of metal discharged into water bodies in the suburbs. In order to control the source of pollution in time, it is particularly important to formulate targeted risk mitigation measures to accurately identify and quantify the source of metal pollution in sediments in a complex environment. In this study, the contents of 14 metal elements (Cd, Cu, Sr, Zn, U, Pb, Th, Ni, Be, Co, Cr, Rb, V, and Mo) in the surface sediments of the Xinglin Bay watershed in Xiamen were analyzed and determined. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, absolute principal component-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and other methods were comprehensively used to identify pollution sources and quantitatively analyze their contributions. The contents of most metal elements in the sediments of the water system in the suburbs exceeded the background value of the C-layer soil of Xiamen City. The distribution patterns of various metals in different regions (Xuxi, Zhuxi, Houxi, and Xinglin Bay) were different. The contents of Cr, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cd with large coefficients of variation in the surface sediments of the Zhuxi area were higher than those in other areas in flat and high water periods, with Cu and Cd pollution being more serious. The enrichment factor results showed that the enrichment degree of metals in the overall regional sediments in the high water period was lower than that in the flat water period, and the overall regional enrichment degree of Cu and Cd was significantly enriched in both periods. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis showed that the sources of metal pollution in surface sediments of the water system in the suburb of Xinglin Bay were complex and mainly resulted from human activities. Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were mainly derived from mining activities; Be, Rb, Th, and U were controlled by natural sources; Mo and Cr were mainly derived from industrial activities; Co, V, and Sr were mainly derived from sea sources; and Cd was mainly affected by agricultural production. Combined with the APCS-MLR and PMF model, the analysis results showed that the metal pollution sources in the surface sediments of the water system were jointly affected by these five sources. The contribution rate of human emissions was relatively high, reaching 52.57%, with mining activities, industrial production, and agricultural activities contributing 17.72%, 19.09%, and 15.77%, respectively. The contribution rate of natural input was 47.43%, of which the contribution rates of natural sources and sea sources were 16.73% and 30.7%, respectively.