鄱阳湖典型区铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料分布特征

微塑料能够被水生生物摄入并对其产生毒性效应.以5条汇入鄱阳湖河流的入湖口、鄱阳湖出湖口和南矶山自然保护区为研究区，采集优势底栖动物铜锈环棱螺样品，对其进行组织消解并分离其中的微塑料，利用显微镜和红外光谱鉴定微塑料，分析鄱阳湖典型区铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料分布特征.结果表明，鄱阳湖典型区铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料丰度为（0.52±0.15）～（2.48±0.90） n·g^-1,赣江入湖口铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料丰度高于其他入湖口，南矶山湿地自然保护区铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料丰度最小.研究区铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料以粒径小于1 mm的透明纤维为主.铜锈环棱螺肠道微塑料丰度高于肌肉组织.本研究表明人类活动是影响铜锈环棱螺体内微塑料丰度的重要因素，对底栖动物中微塑料的调查有助于人们全面了解微塑料污染的生态风险.

Distribution Characteristics of Microplastics in Bellamya aeruginosa in Typical Area of Poyang Lake

A large number of studies have revealed that aquatic organisms can ingest microplastics. However, little research has been done on the ingestion of microplastics by freshwater benthic organisms. This study investigated the distribution characteristics of microplastics in Bellamya aeruginosa sampled from Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. Bellamya aeruginosa samples were collected from seven sites, which included five rivers flowing into Poyang Lake, a nature reserve, and a lake outlet. The microplastics in B. aeruginosa were separated by tissue digestion and identified by microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in B. aeruginosa in the typical area of Poyang Lake ranged from (0.52±0.15) to (2.48±0.90) n·g^-1. The microplastic abundance in B. aeruginosa from the Gan River on average contained more microplastics than those collected from the other estuary because the Gan River flows through the densely populated city of Nanchang and has a large catchment area, the amount of microplastics discharged into the Gan River. Samples from the Nanjishan Wetland had the lowest average amount of microplastics. The microplastics in the B. aeruginosa samples were mainly fibers with a particle size of less than 1 mm, probably because small fiber particles are more likely to adhere. The abundance of microplastics in the gut of B. aeruginosa was higher than that in the muscle. Ingestion and adhesion may be two important pathways by which microplastics enter B. aeruginosa. This study suggests that human activities are an important factor affecting the abundance of microplastics in B. aeruginosa, thus demonstrating that effective protection can control microplastic pollution. The investigation of microplastics in benthic animals is helpful to comprehensively understand the ecological risks of microplastic pollution.