大气主要温室气体源汇及其研究进展

全球气候变暖是全球生态学的重点研究领域,近10余年来在世界范围内对引起气候变暖的温室气体源和汇进行了广泛的研究。文章综述了大气中几种主要温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)源和汇的种类及大小,认为在3种温室气体的源汇通量方面仍缺乏准确的定量认识,并存在许多不确定因素。通过分析近10年的国内外文献,总结出大气主要温室气体源汇的国际研究趋势主要是研究方法日益先进、研究地域不断扩大、注重温室气体通量对全球变化的响应以及多学科综合研究等方面。国内对温室气体源汇研究起步较晚,且存在观测点少、观测频度低、研究不够系统等不足,近几年在全国范围内实施的有关碳循环的重大科研项目在很大程度上促进了我国在温室气体源汇研究的发展。

Review on sources and sinks of main GHGes in atmosphere

Global warming is one of the key fields of global change ecology. The sources and sinks of the Greenhouse Gases(GHGes) in the atmosphere which result in climate warming have been widely investigated around the world in the last 10 years. In this pa- per, sources and sinks of main GHGes in the atmosphere(CO2, CH4, N2O) were reviewed. It is believed that the emission/uptake flux of the 3 GHGes between the atmosphere and various ecosystems were not precisely quauntified yet and there are some uncertainties with aspect to the kind of source and sink. By analyzing related literature of the last 10 years, the trends of international research on the source and sink of the main GHGes were summarized as follows: more and more advanced instruments have been used in the research, more and more regions have been investigated, more and more concerns have been on the response of emission/uptake flux of the 3 GHGes to the global change and integrated research comprising ecology, soil biology, meteorology, microbiology, atmos- pheric physics, etc. In our country, the research on source and sink of the 3 GHGes were developed since 1980s. Compared with advanced countries, our related researches were conducted in fewer sites with less frequency and were less systematic. Two key pro- jects with relate to carbon cycle which are being implemented around our country have greatly promoted the research on source and sink of the GHGes in our country.