不同富营养状态下沼蛤的存活与行为特性研究

通过设计不同富营养状态下沼蛤的行为特性的控制实验,探讨了不同富营养状态下沼蛤的生存、运动和粘附特性。研究结果为:(1)富营养状态最优(贫营养)水质不适宜沼蛤的粘附,但是适宜其生存,因此移动距离最短,运动能力最差。轻度富营养水质适宜沼蛤的生存。富营养状态最差(重度富营养)不适宜沼蛤的生存,因此移动距离最远,能生存下来的沼蛤运动能力最强。(2)在不同营养盐浓度下的重度富营养状态水质中,沼蛤适宜在营养盐浓度较低的水体中生存,营养盐浓度越高越不适宜沼蛤生存;营养盐浓度越高越不适宜沼蛤粘附,营养盐浓度相对而言较低的水体适宜沼蛤粘附。(3)在不同藻浓度下的重度富营养水质中,沼蛤适宜在藻浓度较低的水体中生存,藻浓度越高越不适宜沼蛤生存;藻浓度越高越不适宜沼蛤粘附,藻浓度相对而言较低的水体适宜沼蛤粘附;低藻浓度水体相对而言更适宜沼蛤生存,因此移动距离最短,运动能力最差,高藻浓度水体不适宜沼蛤生存,因此移动距离最远,能生存下来的沼蛤运动能力最强。富营养状态是影响沼蛤生长、粘附和运动的关键要素,轻度富营养化状态最适宜沼蛤生长和粘附。水体中营养盐浓度和浮游植物浓度也是影响沼蛤生长、粘附和运动的关键要素,重度富营养化状态中营养盐浓度和浮游植物浓度越低,越适宜适宜沼蛤生长和粘附。

BEHAVIORAL AND SURVIVAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FOULING#br# ORGANISMS Limnoperna fortunei IN DIFFERENT EUTROPHIC STATUS

To elucidate characteristic of existence, movement and adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei in different eutrophic states were conducted using laboratory control experiment.(1) The results indicated that the Oligotrophic state were not suitable for the adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei, but Oligotrophic state were suitabled for Limnoperna fortunei’s survival, so Limnoperna fortunei moved the shortest distance. Mesotrophic state were suitabled for survival of Limnoperna fortunei. The eutrophic state were not suitabled for the survival of Limnoperna fortunei, so Limnoperna fortunei moved the farthest distance.(2) The lower nutrient concentrations belong to eutrophic state were suitabled for survive of Limnoperna fortunei. The higher the concentrations of nutrient, the less were suitabled for adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei. The lower nutrient concentrations belong to eutrophic state were suitabled for adhere of Limnoperna fortunei.(3) The lower phytoplankton concentrations belong to dystrophic state were suitabled for survive of Limnoperna fortunei. The higher the phytoplankton concentrations, the less were suitabled for survival of Limnoperna fortunei. The higher the concentrations of phytoplankton, the less were suitabled for adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei. The lower phytoplankton concentrations were suitabled for adhere of Limnoperna fortunei. The lower concentrations of phytoplankton were suitabled for survival of Limnoperna fortunei, so it moved the shortest distance. The higher concentrations of phytoplankton were not suitabled for survival of Limnoperna fortunei, so it moved the farthest distance. The results indicated the degree of eutrophication were the key regulatory factors for existence, movement and adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei. The lower eutrophic state were suitabled for existence and adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei. The concentrations of nutrient and phytoplankton played governing roles for existence and adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei. The lower concentrations of nutrient and phytoplankton belong to dystrophic state were suitabled for existence and adhesion of Limnoperna fortunei.