煤制油基地安全激励因素识别及安全动机模型的实证研究

为探求安全是否需要激励以及如果采用激励、从何激励的问题，对848名煤制油基地的员工进行问卷调查，将员工需求分为低层次需求、尊重需求、成就实现需求和超越自我需求4个方面，对每个具体需求构建需求场景。对控制变量进行差异性检验分析和相关性分析，得出文化程度和年龄对不同层次需求的影响，在此基础上进行结构方程模型验证分析。结果表明:安全需要激励，低层需求和成就需求大于尊重需求，超我需求最小，负向激励不受欢迎；受欢迎的因素在不同年龄和文化下略有差异，考核制度、人际关系、物质激励等均排在前列，且安全动机由经济性满足和自我价值实现共同确定，精神激励制度不是安全动机的核心要素。

Empirical study on identification of safety incentive factors and safety motivation model for coal-to-liquids base

In order to explore whether safety needs the incentives and the problem about how to use the incentives if adopting them,the questionnaire survey on 848 employees of a coal-to-liquids base was conducted.The requirements of employees were divided into four aspects including the low-level requirement,respect requirement,achievement realization requirement and surpassing oneself requirement,and the requirement scenario were constructed aiming at each specific requirement.The difference examination analysis and correlation analysis were carried out on the control variables,and the influence of education level and age on the requirements with different levels was obtained,on this basis,the verification analysis of structural equation model was conducted.The results showed that safety needed the incentives,and the bottom requirement and achievement requirement were greater than the respect requirement,Superego demand is the smallest.While the negative incentives were unpopular.The popular factors were slightly different under the age and culture,and the examination system,interpersonal relationship and material incentives were all in the forefront.The safety motivation was determined jointly by the economic satisfaction and self-value realization,and the spiritual incentive system is not the core element of safety motivation for workers.